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Wednesday, December 29, 2010
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[Yahoo] Xin cure patients of childbearing age were the United States we cure
Xin childbearing age: United States, we cure the patients were cured
2006.09.25 Yahoo interview
Moderator: Good afternoon friends, Welcome to the interview room guests Yahoo!
Now sitting in our camera Japan before the Beijing Xinhua Hospital, Professor of reproductive age Xin course of chemotherapy and Professor Li Jinghong, the two well. to begin with our friends to say hello.
Li Jinghong: Hello everybody.
Xin childbearing age: Hello everybody.
Moderator: What is the power of chemotherapy?
Li Jinghong: Electric chemotherapy late eighties of the twentieth century, the international developed a minimally invasive therapy. It is under anesthesia, the electrode will be placed in a special platinum tumor in vivo, by ionization, electrolysis, and the role of coagulation necrosis of tumor cells and thus play a leading role in the treatment of EA DC into the body and make it a hemangioma electric field effect, resulting in electrolysis, electro-osmotic and electrophoretic effects. This period can lead to vascular necrosis, to eliminate The purpose of the tumor, then our method and surgical resection play a similar effect, then the beginning of this theory is put forward a Swedish professor, then in our country it is our well-known thoracic surgeon, Professor of childbearing age in China Xin is beginning to do the job, but also the clinical hospital in Japan to do it very beginning, then to now do, do all kinds of tumors have been over 10,000 cases, the overall efficiency can reach 85%, and in 92 years, the international conference proposed by Professor Xin basic principles of electricity chemotherapy, its operating methods and procedures have been internationally recognized. then later during the treatment of malignant tumors, Xin, Professor of reproductive age found that part of the hemostatic effect of vascular hemorrhage particularly good, then we did a lot of basic experiments and clinical pre-test, successfully applied to the hemangioma up, in the treatment of hemangiomas, other methods showed unique advantages that can not be replaced. Now look at power chemotherapy it, on some visceral effects are all solid tumors, such as breast cancer, skin cancer, especially in the treatment of hemangiomas, including body surface hemangioma, facial, mouth, tongue, and so part of the hemangioma , and limbs, limb, muscle blood vessels between the tumor, have shown a unique advantage, then do this treatment, we generally are in the operating room inside for the formal, according to the different parts of the different options of anesthesia, is relatively small lesions may be local anesthesia, general anesthesia sometimes need to bust, or general anesthesia, particularly serious disease, tracheotomy may need to do anesthesia, then the treatment time is based on lesion size, time to decide, basically, are gains and hour to three hours between the patients recover faster after surgery, trauma is relatively small, the majority of our patient to be discharged three to five days. then it's advantage is that some patients with unresectable or the patient has other organ disease, surgery can not bear it, and some malignant tumors, recurrence after surgery, the traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy are ineffective in patients with chemotherapy then the power provides a new treatment option, then the hemangiomas, vascular tumors such as muscular, tongue, pharynx, oral cavity, with traditional methods difficult to treat the tumor, chemotherapy provides a good electrical results, provide a better choice, our overall success rate can reach more than 94%, other trauma, the most important parts of the patient to stay less than a lot of scars, such as the face, not only to treat, but also to look good do not leave a scar, the patient is still very popular.
Moderator: Basic principle is to change the build-up of the pH value?
Li Jinghong: is the overall change, pH change is a change.
Xin childbearing: why the electrochemical treatment? We put AC into DC, AC to wounding, DC does not hurt, DC is very safe, especially one of the largest DC electrolysis, Minister Li also said earlier that the process of electrolysis caused some changes. Without this direct current to the electrolysis, can not produce tissue damage, DC then, after this build-up to the electrolysis to destroy tumor cells, and after the destruction of the anode and cathode on some different changes in the bipolar electrode, the cathode is acidic, the anode is alkaline, with a leading role in electricity, after the tumor to build a farm, a cathode, anode, the electric field inside the cell destruction, the destruction of the chemical after the killing, so the DC electrolysis and chemical reaction caused by the organization, so called electrochemical treatment, the truth is what it means.
Moderator: That is our electrochemical treatment of what equipment you need?
Li Jinghong: Because the electrochemical treatment of it, under the leadership of Professor Xin, we have in the country for 20 years or so, then the Ministry of Health as one of ten people in the promotion campaign, but also the treatment of one of the Ninth National People. so is improved from generation to generation, here we have two sections.
Moderator: We have to switch your video, to show our friends what we The treatment instrument (slide).
Li Jinghong: now shows that our new generation of electrochemical treatment, can be dual-channel therapy, the patient can record all data, including the simultaneous detection of ECG, and arrhythmia prevention, as well as scoring information.
Moderator: are you ready to play?
Li Jinghong: the information he can always be beat down, this is another point of view shot down, and dual-channel, in fact, reason two people can rule, but a machine that we generally treat a person. them the map, that is, electric acupuncture, that is, we use the electrode needle, the needle is particularly clear than the image that is a good electrical conductivity, because electric needle inside the tumor is very good. So this is what EA corrosion resistance, good conductivity, a former multi-use development now has a one-time, and used later to drop out of.
Moderator: That is equal to When should acupuncture treatment into the tumor inside?
Li Jinghong: Yes, we continue to watch the video below, the following two maps, is now a model graph, the middle shows a tumor, hemangioma, So I said this figure it is a needle, the needle to go inside the tumor, followed by chemotherapy connected to my power, this figure is not correct figure should not be directly into the blood vessels inside the tumor, the needle is a correct cloth-pin method, the normal tissue from the needle to go through to the tumor inside, connect the device after electrochemical treatment, the solution to the tumor inside the anode and cathode electrode needle, then the size of our cloth according to the number of tumor-pin . Then we calculated that the treatment it needs much power to calculate all the required treatment time, is so calculated, that is a model diagram, that the treatment process it, press down, squeeze it out.
Moderator: acupuncture told us that there is no connection?
Li Jinghong: not the same reason, I am the needle is about 0.7 mm in diameter, length about 15-18 cm, then acupuncture then, I am not that the acupuncturist, my needle is a conductor, through which the electrical conductivity, the tumor between the two electrodes to form a local electric field, chemical changes occur, it is called electrochemical treatment, destruction of tumor tissue, is such a reason .
Moderator: We then switch to the video above to our guests.
electrochemical treatment is also needed to take medicine for you?
Li Jinghong: Electrochemical treatment primarily a local treatment, from the logically I say, we do not need to eat any particular drug, then after treatment, according to the size of lesion, severity of disease, we generally spend three days to five days of antibiotics to prevent infection look.
Host: electrotherapy you can only treat cancer?
Li Jinghong: mainly from the truth, said the treatment of cancer and mainly solid tumors, we demonstrated that in front of solid tumors, such as blood diseases, then put the needle through the entities which, regardless of the liver a block Ye Hao, lung block, there are pieces of breast Ye Hao, to solid tumors, can cloth needle, in order to achieve the effects of treatment.
Moderator: So what kind of cancer radiotherapy have not had a special effect?
Li Jinghong: According to our experience, solid tumors can be treated, so now in addition to the electrochemical treatment of cancer there are other options, such as surgery, and now we have the advantage in the treatment of hemangiomas, are more obvious, there some special parts of the vascular tumors, using traditional methods is almost impossible to cure.
Host: What is Hemangioma?
Li Jinghong: hemangioma is a general concept, strictly speaking, is the pulse A tube defects, the main two categories, one hemangioma, one vascular malformations, hemangiomas do so, in fact, the tumor blood vessels and blood vessels caused by excessive proliferation of normal tissues, then the more vascular malformations such as micro-venous malformations, venous malformations, said before, cavernous hemangioma, venous malformation that is, another one is the artery of the malformation, and some called racemose hemangioma, and lymphatic malformations, as well as mixed-sex hemangioma, then by definition, abnormal arterial venous malformations, and mixed together can have two, three mixed together, then the vascular malformations accounted for a large part, the real proportion of pure hemangioma is relatively small, generally smaller .
Moderator: So why the formation of tumor blood vessels?
Li Jinghong: vascular tumors are abnormal vascular growth, then to now, the medical cause of it is not particularly clear, clinical data are now said that people have a family history, there vascular malformations than normal population with high probability, the precise cause of hemangiomas is, there is no special medical clearly.
Moderator: Let the Chinese about the incidence of vascular tumors How many?
Li Jinghong: scattered large statistics, Xin, Professor of childbearing age in order to do this once in Beijing more than 20 million, 30 million of epidemiological investigations, including our literature with other domestic data released it, the general Now that the incidence of hemangiomas in 1% to 2%.
Moderator: That hemangioma occurred in what is now part of?
Li Jinghong: hemangioma of the occurrence of more parts, strictly speaking, throughout the body can, with a total common is cotton, neck, trunk, limbs, perineum, etc., such as liver, brain blood vessels can also be a tumor, including breast also, but less.
Moderator: So in addition to other than changes in shape, there are no symptoms of pain?
Li Jinghong: Yes, such as lower extremities hemangioma, then A is locally most of the uplift, the parents or the patient the swelling began to see a package, then the other is local heaviness, standing or walking a long time, this place is not clear, to acid, inflation, then if a large or more long, it would affect his walking and much more. such as the Ministry of mouth, a shape change, of course, affect chewing function, including swallowing, voice and so on.
Moderator: I would like to ask the old Sim, hemangioma will rapidly spread up?
Xin childbearing age: hemangioma is a benign lesion, it is rarely malignant, but it is a benign disease, so a long slow, often long in young children can see more than 10 years of age, vascular tumor type is many, more clinical contact is hemangioma is the length of the skin surface, the most maxillofacial minister, so people call it a strawberry hemangioma, a little red thing, it was called red spot hemorrhoids, general child born with this skin hemangiomas it, As children grow it long age, place quickly, parents are very worried, and the other is a stability, it grows to a certain degree of stability, and about proliferation, red spots hemorrhoids continue to grow year-old After stabilized, two years after the start to subside, in part, can be dissipated, and will disappear naturally disappear. Just now you said, we are not only the principle of disease is not clear, not too sure how it disappeared is back thing, but really can disappear, so now we come to the parents take their children, very disturbing that my child a spot for so long, growing, how to do, so ask for help everywhere, see the disease on governance, fight light, laser such methods.
Moderator: actually do beauty go?
Xin childbearing age: the color red laser, the laser can also be said of course, beauty is that it is particularly long in the face of the anxiety, fear of children long it can not disappear. so we often advise families not worry, the first observation of observation, there are pocket-sized hemangioma, grows only skin deep, with age, changes in the endocrine and immune function changes, it is growing the middle course of it, slowly down his back, and about nearly half of such tumors is almost self-consumption, do not go too early, over-treatment can eliminate, and has taken a less appropriate means, the results Hemorrhoids left a scar, and even some of the inappropriate treatment but lead to infection, leading to deformities, so now make it clear which part of the risk of vascular tumor, hemangioma asked the doctor is available in our consumption is not consumption, the doctor is A do not come out, there are ways that blood blood tests, but not too sure, and did not find targets, and he that immune properties, in line with things, is that this can be absorbed, like that can not be absorbed, can not find a indicators. So the general met, we met a clinical tumor capillaries, the first period of observation, often made from the cancellation could have been a part of, the treatment but fell with disabilities, this is a rather special scruples. Of course There are a number of other vascular malformations, cavernous hemangioma of this deformity, racemose hemangioma, according to the number of blood vessel tumors, high flow, low flow, what venous, and arterial, but also very complex, vascular tumor type is considerable, and can grow to the people inside, people can grow to the body surface, so the hemangioma is very complicated, so has become one of our social diseases, in particular China, have all pay attention to only one child, you talk about your child more anxious, more than 15% are long in the face, the hemangioma becomes a social problem, the past is not clear now clear how the treatment should, in accordance with the classification of treatment, you can observe to observe, it is in need of treatment, or after observing the deterioration of the local, or have bleeding that should be treated. hemangiomas are often the biggest delay onset up only after the treatment, or to try early treatment, but some of it can be observed, probably clinically, it can be observed.
Moderator: So as we hemangiomas on the skin, if the if the break after, will not threaten the lives of others?
Xin childbearing age: Look at this hemangioma large, if the hemangioma is still very shallow, bathing the Naole not pay attention to what it needs bleeding, the pressure on, or can cure live, be careful not to infection, if the length of the hemangioma in the oral cavity, eyes what is important organs of the place, this is a large hemangioma of blood inside the cavity, especially the tongue, but in fact the patient knew, he could not decide to rule, because in the past is to cut the tongue hemangioma treatment, it could not speak a , what you want? cut the tongue is how unbearable cruel means. so he is always reluctant to cut the tongue, in the past have not a good idea, taking a long break then I was coming this soon after we pin hemostasis, we have the image, the effect is very good, so look at the site of hemangioma, size, degree of harm.
Moderator: Professor Lee that I ask, why so many people will appear in childhood hemangioma phenomenon, why are there so many?
Li Jinghong: This is actually very simple, in itself this disease is a congenital disease, brought up from childhood. So certainly from a small incidence know, so more to see a doctor.
Moderator: pregnant mother do such a phenomenon?
Li Jinghong: after the band was born out of, and reasons not clear, if not longer to 40 years old, powerful, and not to treat, so clinical are children.
Moderator: So, now what are the treatment of vascular tumors of methods have limitations?
Li Jinghong: Because the electrochemical treatment, Professor Xin done first in the country after a lot of advantages, hemangioma We say that medical reasons are not particularly clear, various treatment options doctors have tried it the traditional treatment methods, the most important is the surgical removal, the surgeon cut it, such as the tongue, not to mention cutting part of the tongue to a great influence on the function, then other than the muscular part of the, face, and the first removed, the surgical risk of bleeding in the process is relatively large, because the organization is not tough, is a spongy, bleeding a doctor once is just too unstoppable, there is a tumor on the roots of vascular tumors are like, there are many branches of a tree, there are a lot in there, you have to cut more chunks? If not removed some of the words, but also the recurrence of . not like eggs, then a smooth thing, there are a lot of collateral, then the probability of a blood loss is relatively large hand, if a large hemangioma may be a lot, because we've seen a lot of local doctors to do surgery to open a fundamental clean up No, they are sent by the closed, cut a high relapse rate after completion, then a definite scar on his face is relatively large, then the number who see little impact, the other important parts of our features, such as done on the arm the impact of physical activity and so on. surgery Well, if we can effect a complete removal of more precise, then the disadvantage is that trauma, bleeding than higher recurrence rate is relatively high, it will leave scars and dysfunction. and then there is the local hardening agent injection, apply more of it is Pingyangmycin, local injection of some superficial lesions, there are some really good results, most of aids, there are some special parts of the lesion or can. again There is a laser treatment, including photodynamic therapy, the treatment of hemangioma is a way, there are some superficial treatment is better. There are some aids, such as vascular tumors displayed this after direct exposure to blood coagulation, However, no direct exposure to deep hemangioma, and the current international and domestic application is not more of this, Professor Xin is also going to do something to try. There are such people use oxytetracycline, and then have the smallest children, is a simple hormone treatment of vascular tumors is the most common vascular tumor is of any value-added growth hormones can inhibit, the efficiency of 30 to 90 are different, then the child is about one year old when the hormone normally eat a few months, the probability of success How much is a connection, other hormones take a lot of long-term development of children have significant side effects in it, so many doctors more cautious in this regard, compared with the parents to accept difficult, because it is not a drug to be well served on the child's development to a certain extent. So we are now all these years, Professor Xin overcome a lot of traditional methods which overcome the bad places, especially some special parts of the vascular tumors, such as muscle, the maxillofacial region, and mouth inside, the tongue is obvious trauma, most do not leave scars, in addition, do not leave organ dysfunction, is also relatively low recurrence rate, the other because I trauma, even if there may be residual recurrence rule, do not Like surgery, cutting of the knife wounds two days and then cut back a large affirmative.
Moderator: Although radiotherapy is good, but many people feel the electricity in the body, brain or other organs have any effect?
Li Jinghong: Because we started when the instrument, do a lot of animal experiments, including our subsequent clinical trials, this is the lowest DC power, our highest voltage is 20 volts, 200 mA and below, on the human body is absolutely safe and non- side effects.
Xin childbearing age: this is, the reason why DC does not damage human health, is that it is a closed circuit, that is, tie the two electrodes, a cathode, an anode, like a light bulb with two wires One is the origin, and one circuit, this example illustrates that we do is for the electrochemical treatment of the effects of power, in this field here, light bulb, it is not very bright lamp next to go, you said that electric field inside to do it, so the power will not spread to other systems to go, not to hurt the other organs, only in the build-up inside, but also a bit defensive of mass destruction, it also arranged electrodes, the normal tissue can be preserved. Mr Lee Officers say we use the voltage is very low, less than 20 volts, in fact we never exceed 20 volts, the voltage we use is 7 volts, 8 volts, 10 volts at the most, as our usual flashlight, we touch electric does not hurt, but two things to go inside the form field into the build-up to destroy the tumor cells directly leads to death. Another part of the infiltration of chemicals to the cells around the dead. and relatively simple, as long as a little training, surgeon better, he can do a bit of a train, because all operations are standardized, safe, electrical current is characterized by damage, no complications, not to fix a one treatment, so the parents are welcome , and why our method is established, in a dozen countries, we came to this study, to promote this approach, because it is simple, easy, effect of high rate of change is small, is a needle bar.
Moderator : the patient does not consume too much strength?
Xin childbearing age: No, there is not bleeding.
Moderator: Let me into surgery, tumor on how to deal with the things produced?
Xin childbearing age: necrosis matter, and we have a diagram, the electrochemical treatment of cavernous our main target, as just introduced, as a number of different types of vascular tumors, there are many other ways, the current treatment of vascular tumors, because the diversity of hemangioma, also determines the diversity of our treatment, we treated the other way is bad, just use this method, the traditional is a play on the bleeding, can cause suffocation and death, so we invented this method can be said to be a breakthrough, is a good, is after all a means to improve the year, so this method has its advantages and characteristics of some.
Li Jinghong: cut off thing, different from the surgery took it directly to , then it is inside the necrotic material and blood clots inside the body, absorbed by the body themselves, about half the time to absorb, so come back six months after the review of the patient, the symptoms disappeared, and the tumor is not long, the original soft absorbed by the tumor to be successful.
Xin childbearing age: the treatment of typical cavernous hemangioma is the case, there is a vascular tumor of lymphatic vessels, as well as mixed hemangiomas, we current therapy when the blood can be cavity solidification live, but there are lymphatic tissue necrosis, those things we can anti it. but this patient, it's lumps, it is to surgery, so we say that such a type, not to fight the blood cavity, but there are deposits organization, made after the absorption is very slow, encountered such a patient can be combined with surgery, but in the power, under the needle to stop bleeding, can be absorbed.
Moderator: Let acupuncture treatment after surgery will will not have any complications like?
Li Jinghong: Any kind of treatment has its advantages and disadvantages of electrochemical treatment there will be complications, the most common is the local skin injury, there are some Kuiyang, etc. Most will not be particularly deep, like a child throwing a somersault broken skin, long on the on it. again in the blood vessels near a tumor, it can damage blood vessels and nerves, a corresponding symptoms, further it, if the tumor is multiple, or a particularly large, it is possible that a rule is not fully there will be some residue, and then there it less, but also the relative probability of recurrence is no guarantee that one hundred percent every time a patient is made. These complications do , in the hands of experienced doctors is very small incidence of the side, because the doctors dissected the condition of your judgments, your preoperative tumor location, depth, surrounding structures to judge, and you in different directions, point of view, the treatment of electricity, which is the treatment of clinical experience in which doctors, we know that these complications may occur, then an experienced doctor in the hands of it, the probability of complications is very low.
Moderator : There are many children have hemangiomas, and other skin and got that electric acupuncture on children and the elderly is concerned, there is no particular need to pay attention?
Li Jinghong: Power on what is inside the human body special do not you? now say no, electrochemical treatment of the body there is nothing bad in itself, is a partial, short-term treatment.
Moderator: equal with adults is the same. Today we bring Xinzhu Ren Many of the cases, let us tell you about Xinzhu Ren.
Li Jinghong: This is the power of these years, we have a typical case of chemical treatment, so Xinyuan Zhang to tell you about.
Xin childbearing age: This patient is a upper extremity hemangioma, we say that the comparison is a great mixture of nature, is a sponge-like, as well as plexiform hemangioma, the child 12 years of age, can be seen above the great scar, and this is the first surgery fail, then cut a lot of bleeding, this figure can be seen, from a direct cut to this.
Moderator: From the upper arm has been cut to the lower arm.
Xin childbearing: why not do surgery , and sew a seam, including a package to close, and postoperative surgical infection can form a lot of trouble, the children stretch the affected limb is not straight, and is very upset right to let it come, this is the treatment after patients, and treatment of all of the vessel lumen after occlusion disappeared, after the disappearance of a look at the arm, into the normal, and had swollen so badly, now gone, the original child's arm can not open, and now back to normal function, This is the limbs. This is the head, which is the surgical pathology of failure, can be seen (in the left eye position), is a knife-edge, but also a large hemangioma in the head, bleeding after surgery is also a doctor Sign hold him down, not move on the joints, this type of vascular tumor, it is a very big risk surgical patients, to let it come later, give the first acupuncture treatment, you can see there are several electrode needle, in accordance with The size of vessels ordered, how much the number of needle bar, the following is the treatment, the hemangioma disappeared. gone, removed the original surgical scar, you can do some beauty, very slow recovery.
chair people: this is equal before the surgery scar?
Xin childbearing age: the original surgical scar and a great mark in this place. We look at the child, the child is next to the left eye in the temporal , vascular tumors do not disappear, not a skin, is a large depth of cavernous hemangioma that much of our treatment, this is after treatment, the pigmentation, such as children grow, the following is not all blood vessels, and the pigment to slowly disappear. look at one, this is cotton transplanted to the left lower jaw, large lumen, if an operation like this hemangioma, with the front of the pathology, most bleeding to failure, this is a we EA to do the treatment, followed by after treatment, the child is 3 year old when the child has to go to school, all absorbed, about a year later after treatment, slowly to absorb.
chair people: those things by itself is equal to absorbed?
Xin childbearing age: coagulation necrosis of the vessel lumen, the remaining slowly absorbed. This can be seen, the pharyngeal face, upper lip piece of a large hemangioma, a second is the EA treatment, can return to normal. Therefore, this method is minimally invasive, safe and very effective means. This is a 21-year-old college student, can see that the right face, a venous angioma, hair purple, she hit seven or eight agents, a recovery operation to be out of the face, not just scars, but also bleeding, etc., and injury to the mouth inside, she probably is not careful in 4,5 times to eat inside the misfortune to scratch the blood vessels, and a misfortune to scratch on the bleeding, bleeding after very scared, but then she knew, and quickly suppressed, to the hospital to put a hemostatic agent, but the lumen was not restored because of her conservative treatment, but more and more, to let All hospital treatment disappeared after the vessel lumen. The larger, 30-year-old male, has been such a large vessel to the tongue, no job at all, it is grotesque.
Moderator: He is not difficult even to eat?
Xin reproductive age: a meal to eat, that is grotesque, psychological pressure is too great, and sometimes say no, to commit suicide, too difficult, and later his brother went to Beijing, said China and Japan went , expensive and less, and is minimally invasive, and safe.
Tianjin, this is a girl, this girl is 16 years old, high school students, teach in Tianjin, when I went to it, her mother was to take advantage of our I go there to do a lecture they report that the acupuncture treatment can treat many of the large vascular channels and some dangerous cases, the results of a look this child very, very, lower lip, tongue, face such a large vessel lumen condensation together. The child is about 5 years old, is difficult to eat after growing up, this hand is to hang outside, run around a few years back that the hospital did not find a lot of good rule, to cure put his tongue cut off, cut the tongue of a girl that would rather die that do not, I looked also very risky, I said I can do, others do not have this method, we have the acupuncture treatment, can eliminate this, this is the treatment later, this has not discharged it, most go on, go on the tongue and lower lip are shrinking, and this is then searched, she had graduated from secondary school. That does not do this, she is also in primary school, how do school to go hand stuffed inside, wearing masks, in fact, very beautiful girls, two big eyes, her mother is a nurse, the family economy is difficult, many see, the economy is bad light, and to us to no money, well this girl has to work. the child to better governance, because they are smaller than this, you can see on the left.
Moderator: This tumor is also considered a smaller, right?
Xin childbearing age: Yes, this as relatively small, the treatment finished. It is the doctor raised a problem, a huge tongue, which is Harbin, a person, the patient also has the big tongue, difficulty in school, when because say the words, and growing, when the big night, the tongue to fall out, one can not get to breathe inside the mouth, that in accordance with the way the past cut off the tongue, he has not acceptable way to see what we do, and EA do that, and insert in the destruction of the vessel lumen, the absorption of the residual blood clot, to return to normal.
Moderator: So, like this case, is not You should also look at the special treatment?
Xin childbearing age: we can take a multidisciplinary cooperation, the patient is the entire face hemangioma, the color of the face is this, this is simply, it is one look afraid. What can be said to go where there is no way that this recovered after treatment, the color slowly retreated, he can work. then this is a visceral, splanchnic vascular lumen, which is the liver, black is great a vascular cavity, the liver accounted for 1 / 3, and close to the anus, pull out the risks of surgery too, we had to do acupuncture treatment, it is after treatment, can still absorb.
Moderator: This is the need special treatment for you?
Xin childbearing age: the method is an acupuncture treatment, but different parts have different cloth needle method, but the principle is the same treatment. look at the liver is prone, followed by transfer to the liver more multiple, and look at the liver so much, then cut the liver can not do it, surgery would not be able to do. This is the control of liver cancer liver metastasis, after treatment well, this is the last one, the cancer disappeared. This is the lip cancer, just a benign vascular tumor, this is vicious, is a common ground of the worker, who is also the traditional Chinese medicine after many, ah, baked electric treatment, the build-up has not disappeared, can not do this surgery, done on a cut off half of my face, to our electric acupuncture treatment, this is the first treatment, disappeared after the second treatment. The melanoma, which is Taiwan, a woman, the black ...
2006.09.25 Yahoo interview
Moderator: Good afternoon friends, Welcome to the interview room guests Yahoo!
Now sitting in our camera Japan before the Beijing Xinhua Hospital, Professor of reproductive age Xin course of chemotherapy and Professor Li Jinghong, the two well. to begin with our friends to say hello.
Li Jinghong: Hello everybody.
Xin childbearing age: Hello everybody.
Moderator: What is the power of chemotherapy?
Li Jinghong: Electric chemotherapy late eighties of the twentieth century, the international developed a minimally invasive therapy. It is under anesthesia, the electrode will be placed in a special platinum tumor in vivo, by ionization, electrolysis, and the role of coagulation necrosis of tumor cells and thus play a leading role in the treatment of EA DC into the body and make it a hemangioma electric field effect, resulting in electrolysis, electro-osmotic and electrophoretic effects. This period can lead to vascular necrosis, to eliminate The purpose of the tumor, then our method and surgical resection play a similar effect, then the beginning of this theory is put forward a Swedish professor, then in our country it is our well-known thoracic surgeon, Professor of childbearing age in China Xin is beginning to do the job, but also the clinical hospital in Japan to do it very beginning, then to now do, do all kinds of tumors have been over 10,000 cases, the overall efficiency can reach 85%, and in 92 years, the international conference proposed by Professor Xin basic principles of electricity chemotherapy, its operating methods and procedures have been internationally recognized. then later during the treatment of malignant tumors, Xin, Professor of reproductive age found that part of the hemostatic effect of vascular hemorrhage particularly good, then we did a lot of basic experiments and clinical pre-test, successfully applied to the hemangioma up, in the treatment of hemangiomas, other methods showed unique advantages that can not be replaced. Now look at power chemotherapy it, on some visceral effects are all solid tumors, such as breast cancer, skin cancer, especially in the treatment of hemangiomas, including body surface hemangioma, facial, mouth, tongue, and so part of the hemangioma , and limbs, limb, muscle blood vessels between the tumor, have shown a unique advantage, then do this treatment, we generally are in the operating room inside for the formal, according to the different parts of the different options of anesthesia, is relatively small lesions may be local anesthesia, general anesthesia sometimes need to bust, or general anesthesia, particularly serious disease, tracheotomy may need to do anesthesia, then the treatment time is based on lesion size, time to decide, basically, are gains and hour to three hours between the patients recover faster after surgery, trauma is relatively small, the majority of our patient to be discharged three to five days. then it's advantage is that some patients with unresectable or the patient has other organ disease, surgery can not bear it, and some malignant tumors, recurrence after surgery, the traditional radiotherapy and chemotherapy are ineffective in patients with chemotherapy then the power provides a new treatment option, then the hemangiomas, vascular tumors such as muscular, tongue, pharynx, oral cavity, with traditional methods difficult to treat the tumor, chemotherapy provides a good electrical results, provide a better choice, our overall success rate can reach more than 94%, other trauma, the most important parts of the patient to stay less than a lot of scars, such as the face, not only to treat, but also to look good do not leave a scar, the patient is still very popular.
Moderator: Basic principle is to change the build-up of the pH value?
Li Jinghong: is the overall change, pH change is a change.
Xin childbearing: why the electrochemical treatment? We put AC into DC, AC to wounding, DC does not hurt, DC is very safe, especially one of the largest DC electrolysis, Minister Li also said earlier that the process of electrolysis caused some changes. Without this direct current to the electrolysis, can not produce tissue damage, DC then, after this build-up to the electrolysis to destroy tumor cells, and after the destruction of the anode and cathode on some different changes in the bipolar electrode, the cathode is acidic, the anode is alkaline, with a leading role in electricity, after the tumor to build a farm, a cathode, anode, the electric field inside the cell destruction, the destruction of the chemical after the killing, so the DC electrolysis and chemical reaction caused by the organization, so called electrochemical treatment, the truth is what it means.
Moderator: That is our electrochemical treatment of what equipment you need?
Li Jinghong: Because the electrochemical treatment of it, under the leadership of Professor Xin, we have in the country for 20 years or so, then the Ministry of Health as one of ten people in the promotion campaign, but also the treatment of one of the Ninth National People. so is improved from generation to generation, here we have two sections.
Moderator: We have to switch your video, to show our friends what we The treatment instrument (slide).
Li Jinghong: now shows that our new generation of electrochemical treatment, can be dual-channel therapy, the patient can record all data, including the simultaneous detection of ECG, and arrhythmia prevention, as well as scoring information.
Moderator: are you ready to play?
Li Jinghong: the information he can always be beat down, this is another point of view shot down, and dual-channel, in fact, reason two people can rule, but a machine that we generally treat a person. them the map, that is, electric acupuncture, that is, we use the electrode needle, the needle is particularly clear than the image that is a good electrical conductivity, because electric needle inside the tumor is very good. So this is what EA corrosion resistance, good conductivity, a former multi-use development now has a one-time, and used later to drop out of.
Moderator: That is equal to When should acupuncture treatment into the tumor inside?
Li Jinghong: Yes, we continue to watch the video below, the following two maps, is now a model graph, the middle shows a tumor, hemangioma, So I said this figure it is a needle, the needle to go inside the tumor, followed by chemotherapy connected to my power, this figure is not correct figure should not be directly into the blood vessels inside the tumor, the needle is a correct cloth-pin method, the normal tissue from the needle to go through to the tumor inside, connect the device after electrochemical treatment, the solution to the tumor inside the anode and cathode electrode needle, then the size of our cloth according to the number of tumor-pin . Then we calculated that the treatment it needs much power to calculate all the required treatment time, is so calculated, that is a model diagram, that the treatment process it, press down, squeeze it out.
Moderator: acupuncture told us that there is no connection?
Li Jinghong: not the same reason, I am the needle is about 0.7 mm in diameter, length about 15-18 cm, then acupuncture then, I am not that the acupuncturist, my needle is a conductor, through which the electrical conductivity, the tumor between the two electrodes to form a local electric field, chemical changes occur, it is called electrochemical treatment, destruction of tumor tissue, is such a reason .
Moderator: We then switch to the video above to our guests.
electrochemical treatment is also needed to take medicine for you?
Li Jinghong: Electrochemical treatment primarily a local treatment, from the logically I say, we do not need to eat any particular drug, then after treatment, according to the size of lesion, severity of disease, we generally spend three days to five days of antibiotics to prevent infection look.
Host: electrotherapy you can only treat cancer?
Li Jinghong: mainly from the truth, said the treatment of cancer and mainly solid tumors, we demonstrated that in front of solid tumors, such as blood diseases, then put the needle through the entities which, regardless of the liver a block Ye Hao, lung block, there are pieces of breast Ye Hao, to solid tumors, can cloth needle, in order to achieve the effects of treatment.
Moderator: So what kind of cancer radiotherapy have not had a special effect?
Li Jinghong: According to our experience, solid tumors can be treated, so now in addition to the electrochemical treatment of cancer there are other options, such as surgery, and now we have the advantage in the treatment of hemangiomas, are more obvious, there some special parts of the vascular tumors, using traditional methods is almost impossible to cure.
Host: What is Hemangioma?
Li Jinghong: hemangioma is a general concept, strictly speaking, is the pulse A tube defects, the main two categories, one hemangioma, one vascular malformations, hemangiomas do so, in fact, the tumor blood vessels and blood vessels caused by excessive proliferation of normal tissues, then the more vascular malformations such as micro-venous malformations, venous malformations, said before, cavernous hemangioma, venous malformation that is, another one is the artery of the malformation, and some called racemose hemangioma, and lymphatic malformations, as well as mixed-sex hemangioma, then by definition, abnormal arterial venous malformations, and mixed together can have two, three mixed together, then the vascular malformations accounted for a large part, the real proportion of pure hemangioma is relatively small, generally smaller .
Moderator: So why the formation of tumor blood vessels?
Li Jinghong: vascular tumors are abnormal vascular growth, then to now, the medical cause of it is not particularly clear, clinical data are now said that people have a family history, there vascular malformations than normal population with high probability, the precise cause of hemangiomas is, there is no special medical clearly.
Moderator: Let the Chinese about the incidence of vascular tumors How many?
Li Jinghong: scattered large statistics, Xin, Professor of childbearing age in order to do this once in Beijing more than 20 million, 30 million of epidemiological investigations, including our literature with other domestic data released it, the general Now that the incidence of hemangiomas in 1% to 2%.
Moderator: That hemangioma occurred in what is now part of?
Li Jinghong: hemangioma of the occurrence of more parts, strictly speaking, throughout the body can, with a total common is cotton, neck, trunk, limbs, perineum, etc., such as liver, brain blood vessels can also be a tumor, including breast also, but less.
Moderator: So in addition to other than changes in shape, there are no symptoms of pain?
Li Jinghong: Yes, such as lower extremities hemangioma, then A is locally most of the uplift, the parents or the patient the swelling began to see a package, then the other is local heaviness, standing or walking a long time, this place is not clear, to acid, inflation, then if a large or more long, it would affect his walking and much more. such as the Ministry of mouth, a shape change, of course, affect chewing function, including swallowing, voice and so on.
Moderator: I would like to ask the old Sim, hemangioma will rapidly spread up?
Xin childbearing age: hemangioma is a benign lesion, it is rarely malignant, but it is a benign disease, so a long slow, often long in young children can see more than 10 years of age, vascular tumor type is many, more clinical contact is hemangioma is the length of the skin surface, the most maxillofacial minister, so people call it a strawberry hemangioma, a little red thing, it was called red spot hemorrhoids, general child born with this skin hemangiomas it, As children grow it long age, place quickly, parents are very worried, and the other is a stability, it grows to a certain degree of stability, and about proliferation, red spots hemorrhoids continue to grow year-old After stabilized, two years after the start to subside, in part, can be dissipated, and will disappear naturally disappear. Just now you said, we are not only the principle of disease is not clear, not too sure how it disappeared is back thing, but really can disappear, so now we come to the parents take their children, very disturbing that my child a spot for so long, growing, how to do, so ask for help everywhere, see the disease on governance, fight light, laser such methods.
Moderator: actually do beauty go?
Xin childbearing age: the color red laser, the laser can also be said of course, beauty is that it is particularly long in the face of the anxiety, fear of children long it can not disappear. so we often advise families not worry, the first observation of observation, there are pocket-sized hemangioma, grows only skin deep, with age, changes in the endocrine and immune function changes, it is growing the middle course of it, slowly down his back, and about nearly half of such tumors is almost self-consumption, do not go too early, over-treatment can eliminate, and has taken a less appropriate means, the results Hemorrhoids left a scar, and even some of the inappropriate treatment but lead to infection, leading to deformities, so now make it clear which part of the risk of vascular tumor, hemangioma asked the doctor is available in our consumption is not consumption, the doctor is A do not come out, there are ways that blood blood tests, but not too sure, and did not find targets, and he that immune properties, in line with things, is that this can be absorbed, like that can not be absorbed, can not find a indicators. So the general met, we met a clinical tumor capillaries, the first period of observation, often made from the cancellation could have been a part of, the treatment but fell with disabilities, this is a rather special scruples. Of course There are a number of other vascular malformations, cavernous hemangioma of this deformity, racemose hemangioma, according to the number of blood vessel tumors, high flow, low flow, what venous, and arterial, but also very complex, vascular tumor type is considerable, and can grow to the people inside, people can grow to the body surface, so the hemangioma is very complicated, so has become one of our social diseases, in particular China, have all pay attention to only one child, you talk about your child more anxious, more than 15% are long in the face, the hemangioma becomes a social problem, the past is not clear now clear how the treatment should, in accordance with the classification of treatment, you can observe to observe, it is in need of treatment, or after observing the deterioration of the local, or have bleeding that should be treated. hemangiomas are often the biggest delay onset up only after the treatment, or to try early treatment, but some of it can be observed, probably clinically, it can be observed.
Moderator: So as we hemangiomas on the skin, if the if the break after, will not threaten the lives of others?
Xin childbearing age: Look at this hemangioma large, if the hemangioma is still very shallow, bathing the Naole not pay attention to what it needs bleeding, the pressure on, or can cure live, be careful not to infection, if the length of the hemangioma in the oral cavity, eyes what is important organs of the place, this is a large hemangioma of blood inside the cavity, especially the tongue, but in fact the patient knew, he could not decide to rule, because in the past is to cut the tongue hemangioma treatment, it could not speak a , what you want? cut the tongue is how unbearable cruel means. so he is always reluctant to cut the tongue, in the past have not a good idea, taking a long break then I was coming this soon after we pin hemostasis, we have the image, the effect is very good, so look at the site of hemangioma, size, degree of harm.
Moderator: Professor Lee that I ask, why so many people will appear in childhood hemangioma phenomenon, why are there so many?
Li Jinghong: This is actually very simple, in itself this disease is a congenital disease, brought up from childhood. So certainly from a small incidence know, so more to see a doctor.
Moderator: pregnant mother do such a phenomenon?
Li Jinghong: after the band was born out of, and reasons not clear, if not longer to 40 years old, powerful, and not to treat, so clinical are children.
Moderator: So, now what are the treatment of vascular tumors of methods have limitations?
Li Jinghong: Because the electrochemical treatment, Professor Xin done first in the country after a lot of advantages, hemangioma We say that medical reasons are not particularly clear, various treatment options doctors have tried it the traditional treatment methods, the most important is the surgical removal, the surgeon cut it, such as the tongue, not to mention cutting part of the tongue to a great influence on the function, then other than the muscular part of the, face, and the first removed, the surgical risk of bleeding in the process is relatively large, because the organization is not tough, is a spongy, bleeding a doctor once is just too unstoppable, there is a tumor on the roots of vascular tumors are like, there are many branches of a tree, there are a lot in there, you have to cut more chunks? If not removed some of the words, but also the recurrence of . not like eggs, then a smooth thing, there are a lot of collateral, then the probability of a blood loss is relatively large hand, if a large hemangioma may be a lot, because we've seen a lot of local doctors to do surgery to open a fundamental clean up No, they are sent by the closed, cut a high relapse rate after completion, then a definite scar on his face is relatively large, then the number who see little impact, the other important parts of our features, such as done on the arm the impact of physical activity and so on. surgery Well, if we can effect a complete removal of more precise, then the disadvantage is that trauma, bleeding than higher recurrence rate is relatively high, it will leave scars and dysfunction. and then there is the local hardening agent injection, apply more of it is Pingyangmycin, local injection of some superficial lesions, there are some really good results, most of aids, there are some special parts of the lesion or can. again There is a laser treatment, including photodynamic therapy, the treatment of hemangioma is a way, there are some superficial treatment is better. There are some aids, such as vascular tumors displayed this after direct exposure to blood coagulation, However, no direct exposure to deep hemangioma, and the current international and domestic application is not more of this, Professor Xin is also going to do something to try. There are such people use oxytetracycline, and then have the smallest children, is a simple hormone treatment of vascular tumors is the most common vascular tumor is of any value-added growth hormones can inhibit, the efficiency of 30 to 90 are different, then the child is about one year old when the hormone normally eat a few months, the probability of success How much is a connection, other hormones take a lot of long-term development of children have significant side effects in it, so many doctors more cautious in this regard, compared with the parents to accept difficult, because it is not a drug to be well served on the child's development to a certain extent. So we are now all these years, Professor Xin overcome a lot of traditional methods which overcome the bad places, especially some special parts of the vascular tumors, such as muscle, the maxillofacial region, and mouth inside, the tongue is obvious trauma, most do not leave scars, in addition, do not leave organ dysfunction, is also relatively low recurrence rate, the other because I trauma, even if there may be residual recurrence rule, do not Like surgery, cutting of the knife wounds two days and then cut back a large affirmative.
Moderator: Although radiotherapy is good, but many people feel the electricity in the body, brain or other organs have any effect?
Li Jinghong: Because we started when the instrument, do a lot of animal experiments, including our subsequent clinical trials, this is the lowest DC power, our highest voltage is 20 volts, 200 mA and below, on the human body is absolutely safe and non- side effects.
Xin childbearing age: this is, the reason why DC does not damage human health, is that it is a closed circuit, that is, tie the two electrodes, a cathode, an anode, like a light bulb with two wires One is the origin, and one circuit, this example illustrates that we do is for the electrochemical treatment of the effects of power, in this field here, light bulb, it is not very bright lamp next to go, you said that electric field inside to do it, so the power will not spread to other systems to go, not to hurt the other organs, only in the build-up inside, but also a bit defensive of mass destruction, it also arranged electrodes, the normal tissue can be preserved. Mr Lee Officers say we use the voltage is very low, less than 20 volts, in fact we never exceed 20 volts, the voltage we use is 7 volts, 8 volts, 10 volts at the most, as our usual flashlight, we touch electric does not hurt, but two things to go inside the form field into the build-up to destroy the tumor cells directly leads to death. Another part of the infiltration of chemicals to the cells around the dead. and relatively simple, as long as a little training, surgeon better, he can do a bit of a train, because all operations are standardized, safe, electrical current is characterized by damage, no complications, not to fix a one treatment, so the parents are welcome , and why our method is established, in a dozen countries, we came to this study, to promote this approach, because it is simple, easy, effect of high rate of change is small, is a needle bar.
Moderator : the patient does not consume too much strength?
Xin childbearing age: No, there is not bleeding.
Moderator: Let me into surgery, tumor on how to deal with the things produced?
Xin childbearing age: necrosis matter, and we have a diagram, the electrochemical treatment of cavernous our main target, as just introduced, as a number of different types of vascular tumors, there are many other ways, the current treatment of vascular tumors, because the diversity of hemangioma, also determines the diversity of our treatment, we treated the other way is bad, just use this method, the traditional is a play on the bleeding, can cause suffocation and death, so we invented this method can be said to be a breakthrough, is a good, is after all a means to improve the year, so this method has its advantages and characteristics of some.
Li Jinghong: cut off thing, different from the surgery took it directly to , then it is inside the necrotic material and blood clots inside the body, absorbed by the body themselves, about half the time to absorb, so come back six months after the review of the patient, the symptoms disappeared, and the tumor is not long, the original soft absorbed by the tumor to be successful.
Xin childbearing age: the treatment of typical cavernous hemangioma is the case, there is a vascular tumor of lymphatic vessels, as well as mixed hemangiomas, we current therapy when the blood can be cavity solidification live, but there are lymphatic tissue necrosis, those things we can anti it. but this patient, it's lumps, it is to surgery, so we say that such a type, not to fight the blood cavity, but there are deposits organization, made after the absorption is very slow, encountered such a patient can be combined with surgery, but in the power, under the needle to stop bleeding, can be absorbed.
Moderator: Let acupuncture treatment after surgery will will not have any complications like?
Li Jinghong: Any kind of treatment has its advantages and disadvantages of electrochemical treatment there will be complications, the most common is the local skin injury, there are some Kuiyang, etc. Most will not be particularly deep, like a child throwing a somersault broken skin, long on the on it. again in the blood vessels near a tumor, it can damage blood vessels and nerves, a corresponding symptoms, further it, if the tumor is multiple, or a particularly large, it is possible that a rule is not fully there will be some residue, and then there it less, but also the relative probability of recurrence is no guarantee that one hundred percent every time a patient is made. These complications do , in the hands of experienced doctors is very small incidence of the side, because the doctors dissected the condition of your judgments, your preoperative tumor location, depth, surrounding structures to judge, and you in different directions, point of view, the treatment of electricity, which is the treatment of clinical experience in which doctors, we know that these complications may occur, then an experienced doctor in the hands of it, the probability of complications is very low.
Moderator : There are many children have hemangiomas, and other skin and got that electric acupuncture on children and the elderly is concerned, there is no particular need to pay attention?
Li Jinghong: Power on what is inside the human body special do not you? now say no, electrochemical treatment of the body there is nothing bad in itself, is a partial, short-term treatment.
Moderator: equal with adults is the same. Today we bring Xinzhu Ren Many of the cases, let us tell you about Xinzhu Ren.
Li Jinghong: This is the power of these years, we have a typical case of chemical treatment, so Xinyuan Zhang to tell you about.
Xin childbearing age: This patient is a upper extremity hemangioma, we say that the comparison is a great mixture of nature, is a sponge-like, as well as plexiform hemangioma, the child 12 years of age, can be seen above the great scar, and this is the first surgery fail, then cut a lot of bleeding, this figure can be seen, from a direct cut to this.
Moderator: From the upper arm has been cut to the lower arm.
Xin childbearing: why not do surgery , and sew a seam, including a package to close, and postoperative surgical infection can form a lot of trouble, the children stretch the affected limb is not straight, and is very upset right to let it come, this is the treatment after patients, and treatment of all of the vessel lumen after occlusion disappeared, after the disappearance of a look at the arm, into the normal, and had swollen so badly, now gone, the original child's arm can not open, and now back to normal function, This is the limbs. This is the head, which is the surgical pathology of failure, can be seen (in the left eye position), is a knife-edge, but also a large hemangioma in the head, bleeding after surgery is also a doctor Sign hold him down, not move on the joints, this type of vascular tumor, it is a very big risk surgical patients, to let it come later, give the first acupuncture treatment, you can see there are several electrode needle, in accordance with The size of vessels ordered, how much the number of needle bar, the following is the treatment, the hemangioma disappeared. gone, removed the original surgical scar, you can do some beauty, very slow recovery.
chair people: this is equal before the surgery scar?
Xin childbearing age: the original surgical scar and a great mark in this place. We look at the child, the child is next to the left eye in the temporal , vascular tumors do not disappear, not a skin, is a large depth of cavernous hemangioma that much of our treatment, this is after treatment, the pigmentation, such as children grow, the following is not all blood vessels, and the pigment to slowly disappear. look at one, this is cotton transplanted to the left lower jaw, large lumen, if an operation like this hemangioma, with the front of the pathology, most bleeding to failure, this is a we EA to do the treatment, followed by after treatment, the child is 3 year old when the child has to go to school, all absorbed, about a year later after treatment, slowly to absorb.
chair people: those things by itself is equal to absorbed?
Xin childbearing age: coagulation necrosis of the vessel lumen, the remaining slowly absorbed. This can be seen, the pharyngeal face, upper lip piece of a large hemangioma, a second is the EA treatment, can return to normal. Therefore, this method is minimally invasive, safe and very effective means. This is a 21-year-old college student, can see that the right face, a venous angioma, hair purple, she hit seven or eight agents, a recovery operation to be out of the face, not just scars, but also bleeding, etc., and injury to the mouth inside, she probably is not careful in 4,5 times to eat inside the misfortune to scratch the blood vessels, and a misfortune to scratch on the bleeding, bleeding after very scared, but then she knew, and quickly suppressed, to the hospital to put a hemostatic agent, but the lumen was not restored because of her conservative treatment, but more and more, to let All hospital treatment disappeared after the vessel lumen. The larger, 30-year-old male, has been such a large vessel to the tongue, no job at all, it is grotesque.
Moderator: He is not difficult even to eat?
Xin reproductive age: a meal to eat, that is grotesque, psychological pressure is too great, and sometimes say no, to commit suicide, too difficult, and later his brother went to Beijing, said China and Japan went , expensive and less, and is minimally invasive, and safe.
Tianjin, this is a girl, this girl is 16 years old, high school students, teach in Tianjin, when I went to it, her mother was to take advantage of our I go there to do a lecture they report that the acupuncture treatment can treat many of the large vascular channels and some dangerous cases, the results of a look this child very, very, lower lip, tongue, face such a large vessel lumen condensation together. The child is about 5 years old, is difficult to eat after growing up, this hand is to hang outside, run around a few years back that the hospital did not find a lot of good rule, to cure put his tongue cut off, cut the tongue of a girl that would rather die that do not, I looked also very risky, I said I can do, others do not have this method, we have the acupuncture treatment, can eliminate this, this is the treatment later, this has not discharged it, most go on, go on the tongue and lower lip are shrinking, and this is then searched, she had graduated from secondary school. That does not do this, she is also in primary school, how do school to go hand stuffed inside, wearing masks, in fact, very beautiful girls, two big eyes, her mother is a nurse, the family economy is difficult, many see, the economy is bad light, and to us to no money, well this girl has to work. the child to better governance, because they are smaller than this, you can see on the left.
Moderator: This tumor is also considered a smaller, right?
Xin childbearing age: Yes, this as relatively small, the treatment finished. It is the doctor raised a problem, a huge tongue, which is Harbin, a person, the patient also has the big tongue, difficulty in school, when because say the words, and growing, when the big night, the tongue to fall out, one can not get to breathe inside the mouth, that in accordance with the way the past cut off the tongue, he has not acceptable way to see what we do, and EA do that, and insert in the destruction of the vessel lumen, the absorption of the residual blood clot, to return to normal.
Moderator: So, like this case, is not You should also look at the special treatment?
Xin childbearing age: we can take a multidisciplinary cooperation, the patient is the entire face hemangioma, the color of the face is this, this is simply, it is one look afraid. What can be said to go where there is no way that this recovered after treatment, the color slowly retreated, he can work. then this is a visceral, splanchnic vascular lumen, which is the liver, black is great a vascular cavity, the liver accounted for 1 / 3, and close to the anus, pull out the risks of surgery too, we had to do acupuncture treatment, it is after treatment, can still absorb.
Moderator: This is the need special treatment for you?
Xin childbearing age: the method is an acupuncture treatment, but different parts have different cloth needle method, but the principle is the same treatment. look at the liver is prone, followed by transfer to the liver more multiple, and look at the liver so much, then cut the liver can not do it, surgery would not be able to do. This is the control of liver cancer liver metastasis, after treatment well, this is the last one, the cancer disappeared. This is the lip cancer, just a benign vascular tumor, this is vicious, is a common ground of the worker, who is also the traditional Chinese medicine after many, ah, baked electric treatment, the build-up has not disappeared, can not do this surgery, done on a cut off half of my face, to our electric acupuncture treatment, this is the first treatment, disappeared after the second treatment. The melanoma, which is Taiwan, a woman, the black ...
Monday, December 27, 2010
In the past so sweet
(Dkssudtomo master illustrator)
last night, had a dream of the past!
Sweet ..
appear in the dream of all the people I admire ~ ~
said Riyousuosi , the night will be a dream!
all, I do not understand why for that dream ...
dreamed it would be in track and field team,
a labor Song teachers, students and many track and field team !
them, Ye Li, also appeared,
and then he told me that (the fact that there is indeed a remark): This is no time, also participated in some unnecessary things!
then, Zhou Wenjia very high regard so I am responsible for my ...
many things;
I fall asleep with the classroom and radish, the result is `` `
Xia Chunming teacher left standing there, with the red / was ugly / Fu, head right and wrong to say that someone in the playground scene!!!
strange dream!! suddenly back in two days time `` `
for no reason so in my dreams!!!
Does it indicate something?
(Duke Solutions was looking for dream interpretation)
However, this dream sweet,
not even wake up!!
dream as if memories of the time recall the past ...
even remember some of the plot have been!
last night, had a dream of the past!
Sweet ..
appear in the dream of all the people I admire ~ ~
said Riyousuosi , the night will be a dream!
all, I do not understand why for that dream ...
dreamed it would be in track and field team,
a labor Song teachers, students and many track and field team !
them, Ye Li, also appeared,
and then he told me that (the fact that there is indeed a remark): This is no time, also participated in some unnecessary things!
then, Zhou Wenjia very high regard so I am responsible for my ...
many things;
I fall asleep with the classroom and radish, the result is `` `
Xia Chunming teacher left standing there, with the red / was ugly / Fu, head right and wrong to say that someone in the playground scene!!!
strange dream!! suddenly back in two days time `` `
for no reason so in my dreams!!!
Does it indicate something?
(Duke Solutions was looking for dream interpretation)
However, this dream sweet,
not even wake up!!
dream as if memories of the time recall the past ...
even remember some of the plot have been!
Sunday, December 26, 2010
Real shot in Moscow's Red and Black Parade 5.1
In Russia, the May 1 Labor Day is neither authentic nor is .2004 at the end of Labor Day, Russia's new revisions of the law, > On this day, Russia had a variety of organizations, huh demonstrations to show their existence. which clearly supports Putin's Total; not only the Russian Federation of Independent Trade Unions, a more nationalist representatives of the United Russia party color), more disturbing black (the color of nationalist organizations)!
5 1 May, in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Vladivostok, Novosibirsk, Magadan, all the various political parties and people power rallies held mass demonstrations.
to protect the safety during the holiday season, more than 20 million Russians sent their police to ensure security. According to the Moscow House General Information and Social Relations Bulletin, Moscow The Government approved a total of 33 large-scale field demonstrations gatherings, the number of participants up to 5 million or more. the capital authorities set up a special operations command, and directly sent more than 6,500 police, soldiers and internal security forces, special police, and has more than a thousand volunteers took to the streets to help maintain order.
Russian Communist Party supporters from Kaluga Square (former October Square) start, holding the red flag, holding portraits of Lenin, the great march to the Red Square near the Theatre Square, where he set the stage , sang revolutionary songs. the Russian Communist Party leader Gennady Zyuganov called on workers in the assembly to unite to address the financial crisis. Russian Communist Party leader Gennady Zyuganov said, Labor Day, but the day laborers fight for their own power. support and a symbol of life for a better future. Communist Party First Vice-Chairman, State Duma Ivan. Melnikov said, this is a working day for the importance of their rights, especially in the crisis and protect the rich and the super-rich context of the anti-crisis measures.
9 pm the same day, United Russia Party and the Moscow Federation of Trade Unions held a rally in downtown Fayetteville Square. People carrying banners, flags and balloons, shouting a better life and social security ; only together out of the crisis can be difficult. Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia, the leadership announced that there will be 250 million people around the country took to the streets to participate in May Day parade, except the Republic of Ingushetia. Federation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia, the slogan is: We want to work! we have to pay! us to a decent life! main slogan is: to retain and increase jobs, for social security! resist lower wages! the Russian people want a decent life!
President of the Russian Federal Assembly Sergei. Milo Romanov led demonstrations held in downtown Moscow, and its slogan is: hold high the banner of the new socialist!
Russian Liberal Democratic Party in 2000 Pushkin statue in Moscow, held a rally before. The party leader, Mr E Duma Vladimir. Zhirinovsky congratulations to the May Day party members.
Moscow city government approved the opposition in the May Day parade Place. First of all, > Subsequently, the opposition activities. According to organizers said the number of rallies around 1,000.
this day, nationalist Russian citizens will be held to retain jobs and demonstrations against the Communist Party. All-Russian Exhibition Centre in Moscow, where the district will also hold two Democratic Movement held a procession. price dumping! crackdown of illegal immigrants!
All-Russian Exhibition Centre will also hold another parade, with the slogan: But of communism and capitalism Story! number of one thousand demonstrators.
5 1 May, in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Vladivostok, Novosibirsk, Magadan, all the various political parties and people power rallies held mass demonstrations.
to protect the safety during the holiday season, more than 20 million Russians sent their police to ensure security. According to the Moscow House General Information and Social Relations Bulletin, Moscow The Government approved a total of 33 large-scale field demonstrations gatherings, the number of participants up to 5 million or more. the capital authorities set up a special operations command, and directly sent more than 6,500 police, soldiers and internal security forces, special police, and has more than a thousand volunteers took to the streets to help maintain order.
Russian Communist Party supporters from Kaluga Square (former October Square) start, holding the red flag, holding portraits of Lenin, the great march to the Red Square near the Theatre Square, where he set the stage , sang revolutionary songs. the Russian Communist Party leader Gennady Zyuganov called on workers in the assembly to unite to address the financial crisis. Russian Communist Party leader Gennady Zyuganov said, Labor Day, but the day laborers fight for their own power. support and a symbol of life for a better future. Communist Party First Vice-Chairman, State Duma Ivan. Melnikov said, this is a working day for the importance of their rights, especially in the crisis and protect the rich and the super-rich context of the anti-crisis measures.
9 pm the same day, United Russia Party and the Moscow Federation of Trade Unions held a rally in downtown Fayetteville Square. People carrying banners, flags and balloons, shouting a better life and social security ; only together out of the crisis can be difficult. Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia, the leadership announced that there will be 250 million people around the country took to the streets to participate in May Day parade, except the Republic of Ingushetia. Federation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia, the slogan is: We want to work! we have to pay! us to a decent life! main slogan is: to retain and increase jobs, for social security! resist lower wages! the Russian people want a decent life!
President of the Russian Federal Assembly Sergei. Milo Romanov led demonstrations held in downtown Moscow, and its slogan is: hold high the banner of the new socialist!
Russian Liberal Democratic Party in 2000 Pushkin statue in Moscow, held a rally before. The party leader, Mr E Duma Vladimir. Zhirinovsky congratulations to the May Day party members.
Moscow city government approved the opposition in the May Day parade Place. First of all, > Subsequently, the opposition activities. According to organizers said the number of rallies around 1,000.
this day, nationalist Russian citizens will be held to retain jobs and demonstrations against the Communist Party. All-Russian Exhibition Centre in Moscow, where the district will also hold two Democratic Movement held a procession. price dumping! crackdown of illegal immigrants!
All-Russian Exhibition Centre will also hold another parade, with the slogan: But of communism and capitalism Story! number of one thousand demonstrators.
Wednesday, December 22, 2010
Lu teaches seventh grade version of the moral case study on the second unit volume
The second unit into the new learning environment
1.4 Content Standard
correct understanding of the three individual and the collective relationship between the experience of understand the importance of self-evaluation, objective understanding, evaluating their strengths and weaknesses to form a clearer image of the self as a whole. II 3.2 that citizens have the right and obligation to receive education, learn how to use the law to protect their right to education and consciously fulfill by education obligations.
1.2 correctly deal with the three academic pressure, overcome test anxiety, develop the correct concept of learning and do further studies and career choices prepared.
1.5 active exercise of a personal psychological quality, sharpen the will, and character cultivation to form good learning, work habits and lifestyles. II 3.1 understand the relationship between rights and obligations, learn to respect the rights of others to fulfill their obligations.
an educational goal, emotions, attitudes, values
1. love the new learning environment, integration into the new collective consciousness, learning to adapt to new life.
2. can objectively understand, evaluate your strengths and weaknesses, create a more clear and complete self-image.
3. able to correctly exercise the right to education, conscientiously fulfill the obligations of education.
4. to establish a correct attitude towards learning and lifelong learning awareness.
Second, the ability to
1. enhance self-management, self-adjustment, self-control capacity, enhance the adaptability of life.
2. initial grasp of self-evaluation methods to improve self-awareness, self-evaluation capacity.
3. learn to use legal weapons to protect their right to education.
4 . Changing learning to master for their own learning, develop good study habits.
Third, knowledge 1. to understand changes in their learning environment, understanding the relationship between individual and collective.
2. understand the self-evaluation importance.
3. that citizens have the right and obligation to education.
not the same as the third class environment is not the same as is for students to understand the new learning environment, feel the new life changes, so a positive attitude to face, to the scientific method to adapt and learn to incorporate new class of collective, self-correct understanding and evaluation of comprehensive, quickly adapt to new learning experience. This lesson from the three items constitutes the introduction.
, so that students in thinking and perception in reading, and encourage students to explore one of the answers, causing the interest of students.
the content of this course set up three projects mmm ;, the self-awareness and evaluation, etc. to start.
focus Difficulties
1. . hours (total 5 hours)
teaching content: the first box lesson taught Lesson mm , into new courses
consider: (1) ask someone to think about when you first day of school after registration of the first feel? (I am a middle school student was!)
(2 ) Then, you rolled on campus, in the face all around, then what is it you feel?
(new school, new environment, new classmates, new group, new courses, new tasks, the surrounding gave us all a new experience, gives us a new vision.)
2, writing on the blackboard: the third course not the same environment is not the same as new life, we can actively adapt to the changed environment? whether to integrate into a new class group? whether the correct understanding and the development of self? which is placed in front of each student in the life of papers, it requires us to use the mind and actions to answer.
a new starting point, let us work together, to grow up happily together through this wonderful school time, right!
(b) teach new courses
Blackboard issues: new life
a new starting point, high school life, new feelings
1, enter the new environment of excitement, an excitement
activities: filling a fill in, do a do:
(1) fill out a new school, new life the situation
(2) read the material on page P27 first.
(3) do a do: Tell me about your environment, life changes, often affect a person feel the change in mentality.
students in the face of the new environment, new joy for life the excitement, more or less still have some concerns about it!
2 the face of new environmental concerns
talk about: the new life of their own learning what confused and worried? (P27 page with the middle of teaching materials.)
blackboard Keywords: students teachers mm friendly? pressure to adapt quickly?
teachers about:
the face of such confusion concerns, how can we do? shrink to escape, does not matter, or rose to the challenge? ask someone to look under .
Links: (see textbook page P28)
to adapting to new learning life
1, is the attitude adjustment, to adapt to the new learning environment
living environment, we will encounter as are not suited, in fact, this is normal.
Activity Two: read (see Materials P28 page):
think about: your new life is not suited to study place? if , how do you adjust?
teachers about:
the face of these suited, if we do not adjust in time, improve their ability to adapt, it will affect future learning and life. So, how to adjust it ?
think about: the new environment, some are not suited to the time when we should be how to adjust it?
(P28 teaching students to read the text page, thinking the discussion to answer.)
teachers about:
face of the new environment, we first of all from the psychological acceptance. When you feel some of the suited, the necessary time to analyze the reasons, attitude adjustment, and to take appropriate measures to adjust themselves to adapt to new environment.
2, is to establish a new goal to pursue
read, talk about: (see textbook pages of material P29)
world champion from the secret of the success of what we get inspiration? (teachers, students discuss the summary of answers)
Teacher Summary:
materials in Japan in the famous marathon world champion Yamada constantly set new goals in this one, stories and constantly create new results.
biggest revelation to us is To set goals, and to learn to break off the target, step by step to achieve.
writing on the blackboard: the goal is the direction, but also power. to establish a new goal is to grow in the new environment we need.
life is like travel, the goal is travel route, lost the line, had halted. see goal-setting on the first day we have just entered secondary school students is very important! how to advance the objectives set it?
we should be targeting Note: The objectives established to meet their practical, not too high or too low; goals set must be comprehensive and should make their own moral, intellectual, physical, and aesthetic all-round development; goals also need to establish levels of implementation process should be gradual and so on.
Here we have to try to give themselves a new target to develop junior now!
do a do: (See textbook page P29)
3, to strengthen the self-management
primary school, because of our young, many things are done by parents to help us. For example, the parents told us the morning to get up, go to school by parents, school supplies, supplies are made parents worry about us. Now we are entering the secondary level, secondary school life began, then the school gives us life, what new requirements?
Three activities: take a look at, think about: (students read textbooks in the two cartoons, discuss the answers )
school life which presents us with new requirements? (students answer the discussion)
(secondary school life requires us to manage your own learning and life.)
teachers about:
these two We introduce students to the comic self-management scenario, an aspect of life, one is learning. We should learn from these two students, learn self-management.
secondary school life requires that we be able to manage your own learning and life. self-management, that is, to overcome psychological dependence, learning to achieve autonomy, strict requirements on the behavior of their own lives.
think about it, talk about: How can we achieve self-management do?
( self-management, requires us to: be independent in learning, improve study ways and means to enhance self-learning ability; in life to do self-care, self-reliance, behavioral strict with themselves. the only way to grasp the rhythm of school life to experience the joy of them.)
do a do: self-management plans and actions mm
in life: to do their own thing, so take care of themselves, self-reliance and overcome psychological dependence, as little as possible so that parents We worry about;
in learning: self, self, learning brain, hands, exploring, learning and mastering the learning method, time, work independently, etc.;
other areas: consciously observe the school rules and regulations, compliance classroom discipline, be strict with themselves and other.
(c) of lesson knowledge points (students in the book to draw the following knowledge points)
(1) face of the new learning environment, the first recognition and from the psychological accepted. If you feel some of the suited, it is necessary and timely analysis of the reasons, attitude adjustment, and to take appropriate measures to adjust themselves to adapt to the new learning environment.
(2) goal orientation, but also power. establish new The goal is to grow in the new environment we need.
(3) high school life require us to strengthen self-management, to overcome psychological dependence, independence in learning to do, ways and means to improve learning, improve self-learning ability; do take care of themselves in life, independence, behavioral strict with themselves.
(d) Homework
1, transcription course knowledge points. 2, the development stage of my new goals in junior high school. 3, how active adapt to the new learning environment?
(e) extra-curricular activities
1, the second box read the second lesson mm The class body is like? (2) a good class of people growing body of antiphonal singing What is the role?
(3) how to integrate into the new collective, the collective good owner?
second class (total 6 hours)
Contents: Lesson the second box lesson taught mm new lesson
new term begins, we walked into the new class, which we have a new (b) the new face of the new collective
(b) of the teaching activities of a process
: Picture stories (Textbook P30 pages): This four pictures from different angles reflect the class group to bring personal happiness, warmth, strength, etc. .
1, class group is a paradise
think our growth: the ideal class group in your mind what? (teachers, students discuss the answer summary)
(good class body, have a common the goal, there is strict discipline and harmonious relationship between students, there are positive atmosphere for public opinion.)
proposed a discussion: a good body on personal growth classes do? (students answer teacher summed up the discussion)
(Good form a huge physical education class power, is conducive to the formation of our good qualities, will help us increase the knowledge, capacities and development expertise, strive to promote our physical and mental health.)
read: ( See page P31 textbooks)
material we present is a new life in the collective warmth of a true case of secondary school students Huangxiao Man, with live examples tell us the collective on the role of personal growth. As Marx said: Only in the collective, the individual to get a comprehensive means of their talents. words and deeds right? (guide students to discuss answers)
�� as a member of a new class group, how to integrate into the new collective, the collective owners do it?
(guide students to read materials P32m33 pages of content, discussion answer.)
(1) we deal well with the relationship between students (student reading materials (P32 pages)
think about: how to build simple, harmonious relationship between students? (guiding students to discuss answer m)
do a do: (See textbook page P32)
(2) to observe the class and the relevant provisions of the disciplinary body
discipline is a reliable guarantee for the collective interest. Therefore, to comply with the discipline and class collective is the integration of the relevant provisions of the importance of the collective performance.
(3) the attitude of masters to maintain the honor and interests of the collective efforts to add luster to
body for the class to read: mm readme
think: you text manifestation of consciousness; he did, adding luster to the collective.)
We are a member of the collective is the owner of the collective, we should to earnestly fulfill the tasks assigned by the class body, the body actively involved in class activities. consciously safeguard the honor and interests of the collective efforts to add luster to the collective.
proposed a discussion: (see textbook page P33) (guide students discuss the answer.)
(c) of lesson knowledge points (students in the book to draw the following knowledge points)
(1) a good class is the growing body of paradise.
(2) good class body, have a common goal, strict discipline and rapport with students, and there are positive atmosphere for public opinion.
(3) a good class body, is conducive to the formation of our good qualities, the knowledge will help us grow improve the ability to develop talent, strive to promote our physical and mental health.
(4) into a collective demand that we deal well with the relationship between students; to abide by the discipline of the class and the relevant provisions of the body; should the attitude of masters to maintain the honor and interests of the collective efforts to add luster to class group.
(5) along with the students, if we can take the initiative, enthusiasm, sincerity, to equal treatment, respect for others, correctly understand and deal with competition and cooperation among students, we can establish a simple, harmonious relationship between students and create a harmonious and pleasant atmosphere of the class, and students happily together in the collective growth.
(6) discipline is a collective interest a reliable guarantee. to comply with class discipline and the relevant provisions of the collective is an important expression of collective integration.
(7) establish a sense of ownership, and consciously safeguard the honor and interests of the collective efforts to add luster to the collective.
(d) Homework
1, transcription course knowledge points:
2, do you think a good body is what class? (see textbook page P31)
3, a good growth of the class body of what individual role? (see textbook page P31)
4, we are all seconds cents on how the body into the new class, do 5, how to build simple, harmonious relationship between students? (see textbook page P32)
(e) extra-curricular activities
(1) how to understand and evaluate their own?
(2) understand and evaluate their importance and necessity of what?
(3) proper evaluation of their basic approach What are?
(4) self-awareness and evaluation of the way to what?
good collective owners? (see textbook page P32) The third class (total 7 hours)
teaching content: the first lecture Three classes of new self-mm third frame new understanding of class.
teaching process:
(a) the scenario default
(1) writing on the blackboard issue: (c) new understanding of the new self-
(2) Import Scenario: (teacher reading the famous American basketball player Michael Jordan's perfect in real life does not exist. because a person can not do better in every aspect; people are developing and changing, you look like today is perfect, but tomorrow you may significantly a disadvantage to.
one can correctly understand that they are not easy, so the ancients said,
1, lack of a wise man is unknown. answer the questions discussed:
Li double success stories tell us? (Li Xiaoshuang was able to knock on the door of success, is that he can fully and correctly understand their own.)
2, understand and evaluate the importance of their own Consideration and discussion of the need
answer:
�� how to understand and evaluate yourself? (Even great men, celebrities are no exception. Everyone has both advantages and disadvantages, both strengths and weaknesses also.)
�� Why should correctly understand themselves and yourself? (see page text materials P35)
Related links: Students read fables mm describe clear and complete look, the two students talk about mm understanding of their own right? Why? (teaching students to read the first paragraph on page P36)
(the dialogue that the two students can not reflect the correct understanding of their two forms: First, ego, and second, low self-esteem. before a student can only see their own strengths do not see the shortcomings of rice machines. This will be complacent and arrogant, not four enterprising; then hungry students only see their own shortcomings and deficiencies, so that will be discouraged, resulting in inferiority complex, lack of confidence, or even give up on themselves. To make a correct understanding of their own and evaluation, we must face up to their realistic, comprehensive and objective look at themselves.)
(2) to learn to develop vision to see problems (teaching students to read the second paragraph on page P36)
talk about: their own consent paragraph and answer questions)
(point of view is the basic method. things are developing and changing, we must use a development point of view.)
2, self-awareness and evaluation of the way
we truly comprehensive and objective understanding of their own, know themselves, but also know the way of self-awareness and evaluation.
Three activities: reading scene dialogue mm
talk about: the ways in which these students through the understanding and evaluation of their own?
(The three students Through self-observation, respectively, compared with others, and the evaluation of others ways, come to a correct understanding of their own.)
�� self-observation
writing on the blackboard: the way of self-evaluation compared with others
�� �� others teachers about the evaluation
:
and evaluation of the attitudes of others should be calm, objective analysis, so not only respect the facts, but also good at listening to and accept other people's opinions and suggestions. Emperor Li Shimin of summing up historical, obtained cautionary famous mm positioning and so on.
Activity Four: do mm do a self-evaluation test (see page P37 materials, guiding students to materials required to complete.)
(c) of lesson knowledge points (to enable students to draw in the book The following knowledge points)
(1) and necessity (why should correctly understand and evaluate their own what?):
objectives; to tap their own potential, and constantly improve themselves, gain greater self-development, thereby shaping a new self.
(3) basic methods of correct evaluation of their own:
�� Learn to read full problem; �� learn perspective of comprehensive development issues.
(4) understand the ways of self-awareness and evaluation:
�� �� self-observation comparison method with others, of being judged ��
(5) Why should correctly understand themselves and yourself? (the importance and necessity)
objectives; to tap their own potential, and constantly improve themselves, gain greater self-development, thereby shaping a new self.
(d) Homework
1, reciting the knowledge of the available points. < br> 2, a correct understanding of what their own and evaluate their importance and necessity?
3, understand and evaluate their own methods and means what each is?
(e) extra-curricular activities
1, read Teaching the first box, the contents of the fourth class.
2, learning survival and development of a person What is the significance?
fourth lesson, make life beautiful
This course content and level of analysis:
The main content of this course is to enable students to understand the importance of learning to treasure the right to education, to fulfill obligations to education, changes in learning styles, master of science learning, develop good study habits and to foster a correct attitude towards learning, adapt to the new study life, creating a more meaningful life. This lesson from the three items constitutes the introduction. Read the thoughts and insights.
three projects set to lesson content mmm projects to the importance and necessity of education as the central element, in order to enhance understanding of student learning, learning to be acquired by learning correct ways and methods to better adapt to the new life as the basic objective of the study.
key and difficult Analysis:
1. into action, not only need guidance on methods, but also on the need for policy advice. such as how to maintain the right to education, others how to do so on infringement. In short, to really cherish the right to education, to fulfill the obligations of education into practical action is the most important.
2. poor, the Constitution, fundamental rights, the basic obligations of the more unfamiliar concepts, it is difficult to accept; the first day the students are weak in abstract thinking, for education and personal and national relations, the relationship between rights and obligations, but also take up more great difficulty. teaching, we must work closely with practice, using vivid examples of popular materials, and easy to achieve teaching objectives.
teaching methods: course content analysis discuss the method used, reading, self-study learning and teaching law.
hours arrangements: lesson plans to use granted After three hours, each box with a class.
first class (total eight hours)
teaching content: the first lesson taught in the fourth frame mm ; m-taught learning ladder social development to adapt to society in a highly competitive survival, development, the value of life is also the only segment in the personal development of the non-realization. As mentioned in the introduction, spectrum singing; life like a book, only to learn to brilliant achievements. Learning is the only way to realize the value of life, learning is taught step.
writing on the blackboard: a learning ladder mm taught
(b) teach new Course
the title tells us that a person learn the importance of survival and development.)
activity one: in conjunction with their learning experience and the reality of social development, discussion of a person to learn the importance of survival and development of students based on
their own experience, understanding and awareness about the importance of learning.
shallow understanding of students without the full and timely guidance teachers should pay attention.
think about it, talk about:
learning of a human survival and development What is the significance? (free discussion guide students to speak)
teachers: the students based on their experience and understanding about the importance of learning to talk about the good. induction from
to learn The importance of performance in the following three aspects:
1, learning can improve the moral character; 2, learning can increase their abilities; 3 learning to adapt to the requirements of social development.
below for further discussion we learn in these three importance.
1, learning activities can improve the moral character
one: (See textbook page P38) (discussing the students to answer after reading Questions)
material displayed is a Biography . ; me. living and studying in the acquired gradually nurtured. young mind is like a piece of carved jade has not been required to use the knowledge of the knife carefully crafted. The study allows us to distinguish right from wrong, pretty and ugly shape the health of the personality, culture noble moral character.
, of course, reading is a form of learning, learning not just reading, reading-to help are many. This tells us that the materials, learning can improve the person's moral character . from one side about the importance of learning. is also reflected in the importance of learning: exchanges (teachers guide students to complete the discussion)
do a do: by studying, I gained knowledge.
a credit note: Bacon is wise, intelligent people read poetry, make precise calculations, make a profound philosophical, ethical people have very good logic and rhetoric able to contend
Teachers: Learning is a wealth of knowledge, the main way to increase their abilities (Blackboard) < br> read: (Textbook P39 pages of material) and links (Textbook P40 page).
think: value)
3, learning to adapt to the requirements of social development activities in three
: background, how can we meet the requirements of social development?
Related Links: (Textbook P41 page)
(c) Summary
classroom learning through this lesson, we defined the life of a person and learning development of great significance. learning can improve the moral character; learning can increase their abilities; learning to adapt to the requirements of social development. In short, learning is taught step.
(d) This course knowledge points
(1) person of noble character is not innate, but acquired learning and life gradually nurtured.
(2) learning allows us to distinguish right from wrong beauty and ugliness, shaping a healthy personality, cultivate noble character.
(3 ) Learning is a wealth of knowledge, the main way to increase their abilities.
(e) Homework
1, transcription course knowledge points
(1) noble character who is not born, but the day after tomorrow gradually develop learning and life together.
(2) allows us to learn right from wrong beauty and ugliness, shaping a healthy personality, culture noble character.
(3) learning is a wealth of knowledge, the main way to increase their abilities.
2, why requirements?
(f) extra-curricular activities
1, how to understand obligations requirements, to talk about their plans, and to plan their future academic discussions
the right to education from the positive awareness of the importance of the individual, but also inspire students to think from the negative side: if the rights are not implementation and protection of the individual will have any effect? to enhance the students awareness of the importance of the right to education.
second class (class IX total)
teaching content: teaching second frame Lesson Lesson mm materials, thinking discussion)
think the discussion:
with examples of Chen Liang, talk about the enjoyment of the right to education on the importance of personal development.
(Chen Liang was able to make such countries significant contribution to Chen Liang is the right to education have been achieved this premise; if Chen Liang's right to education can not be achieved, he will not receive good education, he is a thought to make a greater contribution to the country, can only be beyond their grasp. shows the development of the individual right to education has a role of crucial importance.)
Teacher: Because education in the state, nation and the individual has such an important role in development, so countries attached great importance to the realization of citizens the right to education.
writing on the blackboard: Second, education mmm rights and obligations under the law
(b) teach new courses
1, education is both the fundamental rights of citizens, but also basic obligations of citizens
teachers about:
forty-sixth article of the Constitution, citizens of the PRC have the right to education and duties. That form of the fundamental law of the state, confirmed both by the education of our citizens a fundamental right, but sometimes a fundamental obligation of our citizens.
Links: (see textbook page P42: Students read the linked material)
how to understand basic obligations of citizens
1.4 Content Standard
correct understanding of the three individual and the collective relationship between the experience of understand the importance of self-evaluation, objective understanding, evaluating their strengths and weaknesses to form a clearer image of the self as a whole. II 3.2 that citizens have the right and obligation to receive education, learn how to use the law to protect their right to education and consciously fulfill by education obligations.
1.2 correctly deal with the three academic pressure, overcome test anxiety, develop the correct concept of learning and do further studies and career choices prepared.
1.5 active exercise of a personal psychological quality, sharpen the will, and character cultivation to form good learning, work habits and lifestyles. II 3.1 understand the relationship between rights and obligations, learn to respect the rights of others to fulfill their obligations.
an educational goal, emotions, attitudes, values
1. love the new learning environment, integration into the new collective consciousness, learning to adapt to new life.
2. can objectively understand, evaluate your strengths and weaknesses, create a more clear and complete self-image.
3. able to correctly exercise the right to education, conscientiously fulfill the obligations of education.
4. to establish a correct attitude towards learning and lifelong learning awareness.
Second, the ability to
1. enhance self-management, self-adjustment, self-control capacity, enhance the adaptability of life.
2. initial grasp of self-evaluation methods to improve self-awareness, self-evaluation capacity.
3. learn to use legal weapons to protect their right to education.
4 . Changing learning to master for their own learning, develop good study habits.
Third, knowledge 1. to understand changes in their learning environment, understanding the relationship between individual and collective.
2. understand the self-evaluation importance.
3. that citizens have the right and obligation to education.
not the same as the third class environment is not the same as is for students to understand the new learning environment, feel the new life changes, so a positive attitude to face, to the scientific method to adapt and learn to incorporate new class of collective, self-correct understanding and evaluation of comprehensive, quickly adapt to new learning experience. This lesson from the three items constitutes the introduction.
, so that students in thinking and perception in reading, and encourage students to explore one of the answers, causing the interest of students.
the content of this course set up three projects mmm ;, the self-awareness and evaluation, etc. to start.
focus Difficulties
1. . hours (total 5 hours)
teaching content: the first box lesson taught Lesson mm , into new courses
consider: (1) ask someone to think about when you first day of school after registration of the first feel? (I am a middle school student was!)
(2 ) Then, you rolled on campus, in the face all around, then what is it you feel?
(new school, new environment, new classmates, new group, new courses, new tasks, the surrounding gave us all a new experience, gives us a new vision.)
2, writing on the blackboard: the third course not the same environment is not the same as new life, we can actively adapt to the changed environment? whether to integrate into a new class group? whether the correct understanding and the development of self? which is placed in front of each student in the life of papers, it requires us to use the mind and actions to answer.
a new starting point, let us work together, to grow up happily together through this wonderful school time, right!
(b) teach new courses
Blackboard issues: new life
a new starting point, high school life, new feelings
1, enter the new environment of excitement, an excitement
activities: filling a fill in, do a do:
(1) fill out a new school, new life the situation
(2) read the material on page P27 first.
(3) do a do: Tell me about your environment, life changes, often affect a person feel the change in mentality.
students in the face of the new environment, new joy for life the excitement, more or less still have some concerns about it!
2 the face of new environmental concerns
talk about: the new life of their own learning what confused and worried? (P27 page with the middle of teaching materials.)
blackboard Keywords: students teachers mm friendly? pressure to adapt quickly?
teachers about:
the face of such confusion concerns, how can we do? shrink to escape, does not matter, or rose to the challenge? ask someone to look under .
Links: (see textbook page P28)
to adapting to new learning life
1, is the attitude adjustment, to adapt to the new learning environment
living environment, we will encounter as are not suited, in fact, this is normal.
Activity Two: read (see Materials P28 page):
think about: your new life is not suited to study place? if , how do you adjust?
teachers about:
the face of these suited, if we do not adjust in time, improve their ability to adapt, it will affect future learning and life. So, how to adjust it ?
think about: the new environment, some are not suited to the time when we should be how to adjust it?
(P28 teaching students to read the text page, thinking the discussion to answer.)
teachers about:
face of the new environment, we first of all from the psychological acceptance. When you feel some of the suited, the necessary time to analyze the reasons, attitude adjustment, and to take appropriate measures to adjust themselves to adapt to new environment.
2, is to establish a new goal to pursue
read, talk about: (see textbook pages of material P29)
world champion from the secret of the success of what we get inspiration? (teachers, students discuss the summary of answers)
Teacher Summary:
materials in Japan in the famous marathon world champion Yamada constantly set new goals in this one, stories and constantly create new results.
biggest revelation to us is To set goals, and to learn to break off the target, step by step to achieve.
writing on the blackboard: the goal is the direction, but also power. to establish a new goal is to grow in the new environment we need.
life is like travel, the goal is travel route, lost the line, had halted. see goal-setting on the first day we have just entered secondary school students is very important! how to advance the objectives set it?
we should be targeting Note: The objectives established to meet their practical, not too high or too low; goals set must be comprehensive and should make their own moral, intellectual, physical, and aesthetic all-round development; goals also need to establish levels of implementation process should be gradual and so on.
Here we have to try to give themselves a new target to develop junior now!
do a do: (See textbook page P29)
3, to strengthen the self-management
primary school, because of our young, many things are done by parents to help us. For example, the parents told us the morning to get up, go to school by parents, school supplies, supplies are made parents worry about us. Now we are entering the secondary level, secondary school life began, then the school gives us life, what new requirements?
Three activities: take a look at, think about: (students read textbooks in the two cartoons, discuss the answers )
school life which presents us with new requirements? (students answer the discussion)
(secondary school life requires us to manage your own learning and life.)
teachers about:
these two We introduce students to the comic self-management scenario, an aspect of life, one is learning. We should learn from these two students, learn self-management.
secondary school life requires that we be able to manage your own learning and life. self-management, that is, to overcome psychological dependence, learning to achieve autonomy, strict requirements on the behavior of their own lives.
think about it, talk about: How can we achieve self-management do?
( self-management, requires us to: be independent in learning, improve study ways and means to enhance self-learning ability; in life to do self-care, self-reliance, behavioral strict with themselves. the only way to grasp the rhythm of school life to experience the joy of them.)
do a do: self-management plans and actions mm
in life: to do their own thing, so take care of themselves, self-reliance and overcome psychological dependence, as little as possible so that parents We worry about;
in learning: self, self, learning brain, hands, exploring, learning and mastering the learning method, time, work independently, etc.;
other areas: consciously observe the school rules and regulations, compliance classroom discipline, be strict with themselves and other.
(c) of lesson knowledge points (students in the book to draw the following knowledge points)
(1) face of the new learning environment, the first recognition and from the psychological accepted. If you feel some of the suited, it is necessary and timely analysis of the reasons, attitude adjustment, and to take appropriate measures to adjust themselves to adapt to the new learning environment.
(2) goal orientation, but also power. establish new The goal is to grow in the new environment we need.
(3) high school life require us to strengthen self-management, to overcome psychological dependence, independence in learning to do, ways and means to improve learning, improve self-learning ability; do take care of themselves in life, independence, behavioral strict with themselves.
(d) Homework
1, transcription course knowledge points. 2, the development stage of my new goals in junior high school. 3, how active adapt to the new learning environment?
(e) extra-curricular activities
1, the second box read the second lesson mm The class body is like? (2) a good class of people growing body of antiphonal singing What is the role?
(3) how to integrate into the new collective, the collective good owner?
second class (total 6 hours)
Contents: Lesson the second box lesson taught mm new lesson
new term begins, we walked into the new class, which we have a new (b) the new face of the new collective
(b) of the teaching activities of a process
: Picture stories (Textbook P30 pages): This four pictures from different angles reflect the class group to bring personal happiness, warmth, strength, etc. .
1, class group is a paradise
think our growth: the ideal class group in your mind what? (teachers, students discuss the answer summary)
(good class body, have a common the goal, there is strict discipline and harmonious relationship between students, there are positive atmosphere for public opinion.)
proposed a discussion: a good body on personal growth classes do? (students answer teacher summed up the discussion)
(Good form a huge physical education class power, is conducive to the formation of our good qualities, will help us increase the knowledge, capacities and development expertise, strive to promote our physical and mental health.)
read: ( See page P31 textbooks)
material we present is a new life in the collective warmth of a true case of secondary school students Huangxiao Man, with live examples tell us the collective on the role of personal growth. As Marx said: Only in the collective, the individual to get a comprehensive means of their talents. words and deeds right? (guide students to discuss answers)
�� as a member of a new class group, how to integrate into the new collective, the collective owners do it?
(guide students to read materials P32m33 pages of content, discussion answer.)
(1) we deal well with the relationship between students (student reading materials (P32 pages)
think about: how to build simple, harmonious relationship between students? (guiding students to discuss answer m)
do a do: (See textbook page P32)
(2) to observe the class and the relevant provisions of the disciplinary body
discipline is a reliable guarantee for the collective interest. Therefore, to comply with the discipline and class collective is the integration of the relevant provisions of the importance of the collective performance.
(3) the attitude of masters to maintain the honor and interests of the collective efforts to add luster to
body for the class to read: mm readme
think: you text manifestation of consciousness; he did, adding luster to the collective.)
We are a member of the collective is the owner of the collective, we should to earnestly fulfill the tasks assigned by the class body, the body actively involved in class activities. consciously safeguard the honor and interests of the collective efforts to add luster to the collective.
proposed a discussion: (see textbook page P33) (guide students discuss the answer.)
(c) of lesson knowledge points (students in the book to draw the following knowledge points)
(1) a good class is the growing body of paradise.
(2) good class body, have a common goal, strict discipline and rapport with students, and there are positive atmosphere for public opinion.
(3) a good class body, is conducive to the formation of our good qualities, the knowledge will help us grow improve the ability to develop talent, strive to promote our physical and mental health.
(4) into a collective demand that we deal well with the relationship between students; to abide by the discipline of the class and the relevant provisions of the body; should the attitude of masters to maintain the honor and interests of the collective efforts to add luster to class group.
(5) along with the students, if we can take the initiative, enthusiasm, sincerity, to equal treatment, respect for others, correctly understand and deal with competition and cooperation among students, we can establish a simple, harmonious relationship between students and create a harmonious and pleasant atmosphere of the class, and students happily together in the collective growth.
(6) discipline is a collective interest a reliable guarantee. to comply with class discipline and the relevant provisions of the collective is an important expression of collective integration.
(7) establish a sense of ownership, and consciously safeguard the honor and interests of the collective efforts to add luster to the collective.
(d) Homework
1, transcription course knowledge points:
2, do you think a good body is what class? (see textbook page P31)
3, a good growth of the class body of what individual role? (see textbook page P31)
4, we are all seconds cents on how the body into the new class, do 5, how to build simple, harmonious relationship between students? (see textbook page P32)
(e) extra-curricular activities
(1) how to understand and evaluate their own?
(2) understand and evaluate their importance and necessity of what?
(3) proper evaluation of their basic approach What are?
(4) self-awareness and evaluation of the way to what?
good collective owners? (see textbook page P32) The third class (total 7 hours)
teaching content: the first lecture Three classes of new self-mm third frame new understanding of class.
teaching process:
(a) the scenario default
(1) writing on the blackboard issue: (c) new understanding of the new self-
(2) Import Scenario: (teacher reading the famous American basketball player Michael Jordan's perfect in real life does not exist. because a person can not do better in every aspect; people are developing and changing, you look like today is perfect, but tomorrow you may significantly a disadvantage to.
one can correctly understand that they are not easy, so the ancients said,
1, lack of a wise man is unknown. answer the questions discussed:
Li double success stories tell us? (Li Xiaoshuang was able to knock on the door of success, is that he can fully and correctly understand their own.)
2, understand and evaluate the importance of their own Consideration and discussion of the need
answer:
�� how to understand and evaluate yourself? (Even great men, celebrities are no exception. Everyone has both advantages and disadvantages, both strengths and weaknesses also.)
�� Why should correctly understand themselves and yourself? (see page text materials P35)
Related links: Students read fables mm describe clear and complete look, the two students talk about mm understanding of their own right? Why? (teaching students to read the first paragraph on page P36)
(the dialogue that the two students can not reflect the correct understanding of their two forms: First, ego, and second, low self-esteem. before a student can only see their own strengths do not see the shortcomings of rice machines. This will be complacent and arrogant, not four enterprising; then hungry students only see their own shortcomings and deficiencies, so that will be discouraged, resulting in inferiority complex, lack of confidence, or even give up on themselves. To make a correct understanding of their own and evaluation, we must face up to their realistic, comprehensive and objective look at themselves.)
(2) to learn to develop vision to see problems (teaching students to read the second paragraph on page P36)
talk about: their own consent paragraph and answer questions)
(point of view is the basic method. things are developing and changing, we must use a development point of view.)
2, self-awareness and evaluation of the way
we truly comprehensive and objective understanding of their own, know themselves, but also know the way of self-awareness and evaluation.
Three activities: reading scene dialogue mm
talk about: the ways in which these students through the understanding and evaluation of their own?
(The three students Through self-observation, respectively, compared with others, and the evaluation of others ways, come to a correct understanding of their own.)
�� self-observation
writing on the blackboard: the way of self-evaluation compared with others
�� �� others teachers about the evaluation
:
and evaluation of the attitudes of others should be calm, objective analysis, so not only respect the facts, but also good at listening to and accept other people's opinions and suggestions. Emperor Li Shimin of summing up historical, obtained cautionary famous mm positioning and so on.
Activity Four: do mm do a self-evaluation test (see page P37 materials, guiding students to materials required to complete.)
(c) of lesson knowledge points (to enable students to draw in the book The following knowledge points)
(1) and necessity (why should correctly understand and evaluate their own what?):
objectives; to tap their own potential, and constantly improve themselves, gain greater self-development, thereby shaping a new self.
(3) basic methods of correct evaluation of their own:
�� Learn to read full problem; �� learn perspective of comprehensive development issues.
(4) understand the ways of self-awareness and evaluation:
�� �� self-observation comparison method with others, of being judged ��
(5) Why should correctly understand themselves and yourself? (the importance and necessity)
objectives; to tap their own potential, and constantly improve themselves, gain greater self-development, thereby shaping a new self.
(d) Homework
1, reciting the knowledge of the available points. < br> 2, a correct understanding of what their own and evaluate their importance and necessity?
3, understand and evaluate their own methods and means what each is?
(e) extra-curricular activities
1, read Teaching the first box, the contents of the fourth class.
2, learning survival and development of a person What is the significance?
fourth lesson, make life beautiful
This course content and level of analysis:
The main content of this course is to enable students to understand the importance of learning to treasure the right to education, to fulfill obligations to education, changes in learning styles, master of science learning, develop good study habits and to foster a correct attitude towards learning, adapt to the new study life, creating a more meaningful life. This lesson from the three items constitutes the introduction. Read the thoughts and insights.
three projects set to lesson content mmm projects to the importance and necessity of education as the central element, in order to enhance understanding of student learning, learning to be acquired by learning correct ways and methods to better adapt to the new life as the basic objective of the study.
key and difficult Analysis:
1. into action, not only need guidance on methods, but also on the need for policy advice. such as how to maintain the right to education, others how to do so on infringement. In short, to really cherish the right to education, to fulfill the obligations of education into practical action is the most important.
2. poor, the Constitution, fundamental rights, the basic obligations of the more unfamiliar concepts, it is difficult to accept; the first day the students are weak in abstract thinking, for education and personal and national relations, the relationship between rights and obligations, but also take up more great difficulty. teaching, we must work closely with practice, using vivid examples of popular materials, and easy to achieve teaching objectives.
teaching methods: course content analysis discuss the method used, reading, self-study learning and teaching law.
hours arrangements: lesson plans to use granted After three hours, each box with a class.
first class (total eight hours)
teaching content: the first lesson taught in the fourth frame mm ; m-taught learning ladder social development to adapt to society in a highly competitive survival, development, the value of life is also the only segment in the personal development of the non-realization. As mentioned in the introduction, spectrum singing; life like a book, only to learn to brilliant achievements. Learning is the only way to realize the value of life, learning is taught step.
writing on the blackboard: a learning ladder mm taught
(b) teach new Course
the title tells us that a person learn the importance of survival and development.)
activity one: in conjunction with their learning experience and the reality of social development, discussion of a person to learn the importance of survival and development of students based on
their own experience, understanding and awareness about the importance of learning.
shallow understanding of students without the full and timely guidance teachers should pay attention.
think about it, talk about:
learning of a human survival and development What is the significance? (free discussion guide students to speak)
teachers: the students based on their experience and understanding about the importance of learning to talk about the good. induction from
to learn The importance of performance in the following three aspects:
1, learning can improve the moral character; 2, learning can increase their abilities; 3 learning to adapt to the requirements of social development.
below for further discussion we learn in these three importance.
1, learning activities can improve the moral character
one: (See textbook page P38) (discussing the students to answer after reading Questions)
material displayed is a Biography . ; me. living and studying in the acquired gradually nurtured. young mind is like a piece of carved jade has not been required to use the knowledge of the knife carefully crafted. The study allows us to distinguish right from wrong, pretty and ugly shape the health of the personality, culture noble moral character.
, of course, reading is a form of learning, learning not just reading, reading-to help are many. This tells us that the materials, learning can improve the person's moral character . from one side about the importance of learning. is also reflected in the importance of learning: exchanges (teachers guide students to complete the discussion)
do a do: by studying, I gained knowledge.
a credit note: Bacon is wise, intelligent people read poetry, make precise calculations, make a profound philosophical, ethical people have very good logic and rhetoric able to contend
Teachers: Learning is a wealth of knowledge, the main way to increase their abilities (Blackboard) < br> read: (Textbook P39 pages of material) and links (Textbook P40 page).
think: value)
3, learning to adapt to the requirements of social development activities in three
: background, how can we meet the requirements of social development?
Related Links: (Textbook P41 page)
(c) Summary
classroom learning through this lesson, we defined the life of a person and learning development of great significance. learning can improve the moral character; learning can increase their abilities; learning to adapt to the requirements of social development. In short, learning is taught step.
(d) This course knowledge points
(1) person of noble character is not innate, but acquired learning and life gradually nurtured.
(2) learning allows us to distinguish right from wrong beauty and ugliness, shaping a healthy personality, cultivate noble character.
(3 ) Learning is a wealth of knowledge, the main way to increase their abilities.
(e) Homework
1, transcription course knowledge points
(1) noble character who is not born, but the day after tomorrow gradually develop learning and life together.
(2) allows us to learn right from wrong beauty and ugliness, shaping a healthy personality, culture noble character.
(3) learning is a wealth of knowledge, the main way to increase their abilities.
2, why requirements?
(f) extra-curricular activities
1, how to understand obligations requirements, to talk about their plans, and to plan their future academic discussions
the right to education from the positive awareness of the importance of the individual, but also inspire students to think from the negative side: if the rights are not implementation and protection of the individual will have any effect? to enhance the students awareness of the importance of the right to education.
second class (class IX total)
teaching content: teaching second frame Lesson Lesson mm materials, thinking discussion)
think the discussion:
with examples of Chen Liang, talk about the enjoyment of the right to education on the importance of personal development.
(Chen Liang was able to make such countries significant contribution to Chen Liang is the right to education have been achieved this premise; if Chen Liang's right to education can not be achieved, he will not receive good education, he is a thought to make a greater contribution to the country, can only be beyond their grasp. shows the development of the individual right to education has a role of crucial importance.)
Teacher: Because education in the state, nation and the individual has such an important role in development, so countries attached great importance to the realization of citizens the right to education.
writing on the blackboard: Second, education mmm rights and obligations under the law
(b) teach new courses
1, education is both the fundamental rights of citizens, but also basic obligations of citizens
teachers about:
forty-sixth article of the Constitution, citizens of the PRC have the right to education and duties. That form of the fundamental law of the state, confirmed both by the education of our citizens a fundamental right, but sometimes a fundamental obligation of our citizens.
Links: (see textbook page P42: Students read the linked material)
how to understand basic obligations of citizens
Tuesday, December 21, 2010
Chen Xie Xia won the first gold for China and to create records
Am Beijing time on August 9, when the Chinese player to 499.6 ring achievements Du Li won the fifth game with the Beijing Olympic Games women's ten meters air rifle shooting gold medal final pass less than one hour after, our players Chen Xie Xia In the women's weightlifting 48 kg class won a total score of 212 kg Army of China's first gold medal and broke the Olympic record of the project. Let us for this 25 year old girl proud of it, Guangdong.
Monday, December 20, 2010
Real shot in Moscow's Red and Black Parade 5.1
In Russia, the May 1 Labor Day is neither authentic nor is .2004 at the end of Labor Day, Russia's new revisions of the law, > On this day, Russia had a variety of organizations, huh demonstrations to show their existence. which clearly supports Putin's Total; not only the Russian Federation of Independent Trade Unions, a more nationalist representatives of the United Russia party color), more disturbing black (the color of nationalist organizations)!
5 1 May,UGG bailey button, in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Vladivostok, Novosibirsk, Magadan, all the various political parties and people power rallies held mass demonstrations.
to protect the safety during the holiday season, more than 20 million Russians sent their police to ensure security. According to the Moscow House General Information and Social Relations Bulletin, Moscow The Government approved a total of 33 large-scale field demonstrations gatherings, the number of participants up to 5 million or more. the capital authorities set up a special operations command, and directly sent more than 6,500 police, soldiers and internal security forces, special police, and has more than a thousand volunteers took to the streets to help maintain order.
Russian Communist Party supporters from Kaluga Square (former October Square) start, holding the red flag, holding portraits of Lenin, the great march to the Red Square near the Theatre Square, where he set the stage , sang revolutionary songs. the Russian Communist Party leader Gennady Zyuganov called on workers in the assembly to unite to address the financial crisis. Russian Communist Party leader Gennady Zyuganov said, Labor Day, but the day laborers fight for their own power. support and a symbol of life for a better future. Communist Party First Vice-Chairman, State Duma Ivan. Melnikov said, this is a working day for the importance of their rights, especially in the crisis and protect the rich and the super-rich context of the anti-crisis measures.
9 pm the same day, United Russia Party and the Moscow Federation of Trade Unions held a rally in downtown Fayetteville Square. People carrying banners, flags and balloons, shouting a better life and social security ; only together out of the crisis can be difficult. Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia, the leadership announced that there will be 250 million people around the country took to the streets to participate in May Day parade, except the Republic of Ingushetia. Federation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia, the slogan is: We want to work! we have to pay! us to a decent life! main slogan is: to retain and increase jobs, for social security! resist lower wages! the Russian people want a decent life!
President of the Russian Federal Assembly Sergei. Milo Romanov led demonstrations held in downtown Moscow, and its slogan is: hold high the banner of the new socialist!
Russian Liberal Democratic Party in 2000 Pushkin statue in Moscow, held a rally before. The party leader, Mr E Duma Vladimir. Zhirinovsky congratulations to the May Day party members.
Moscow city government approved the opposition in the May Day parade 博洛特纳亚 Place. First of all, > Subsequently, the opposition activities. According to organizers said the number of rallies around 1,000.
this day, nationalist Russian citizens will be held to retain jobs and demonstrations against the Communist Party. All-Russian Exhibition Centre in Moscow, where the district will also hold two Democratic Movement held a procession. price dumping! crackdown of illegal immigrants!
All-Russian Exhibition Centre will also hold another parade, with the slogan: But of communism and capitalism Story! number of one thousand demonstrators.
5 1 May,UGG bailey button, in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Vladivostok, Novosibirsk, Magadan, all the various political parties and people power rallies held mass demonstrations.
to protect the safety during the holiday season, more than 20 million Russians sent their police to ensure security. According to the Moscow House General Information and Social Relations Bulletin, Moscow The Government approved a total of 33 large-scale field demonstrations gatherings, the number of participants up to 5 million or more. the capital authorities set up a special operations command, and directly sent more than 6,500 police, soldiers and internal security forces, special police, and has more than a thousand volunteers took to the streets to help maintain order.
Russian Communist Party supporters from Kaluga Square (former October Square) start, holding the red flag, holding portraits of Lenin, the great march to the Red Square near the Theatre Square, where he set the stage , sang revolutionary songs. the Russian Communist Party leader Gennady Zyuganov called on workers in the assembly to unite to address the financial crisis. Russian Communist Party leader Gennady Zyuganov said, Labor Day, but the day laborers fight for their own power. support and a symbol of life for a better future. Communist Party First Vice-Chairman, State Duma Ivan. Melnikov said, this is a working day for the importance of their rights, especially in the crisis and protect the rich and the super-rich context of the anti-crisis measures.
9 pm the same day, United Russia Party and the Moscow Federation of Trade Unions held a rally in downtown Fayetteville Square. People carrying banners, flags and balloons, shouting a better life and social security ; only together out of the crisis can be difficult. Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia, the leadership announced that there will be 250 million people around the country took to the streets to participate in May Day parade, except the Republic of Ingushetia. Federation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia, the slogan is: We want to work! we have to pay! us to a decent life! main slogan is: to retain and increase jobs, for social security! resist lower wages! the Russian people want a decent life!
President of the Russian Federal Assembly Sergei. Milo Romanov led demonstrations held in downtown Moscow, and its slogan is: hold high the banner of the new socialist!
Russian Liberal Democratic Party in 2000 Pushkin statue in Moscow, held a rally before. The party leader, Mr E Duma Vladimir. Zhirinovsky congratulations to the May Day party members.
Moscow city government approved the opposition in the May Day parade 博洛特纳亚 Place. First of all, > Subsequently, the opposition activities. According to organizers said the number of rallies around 1,000.
this day, nationalist Russian citizens will be held to retain jobs and demonstrations against the Communist Party. All-Russian Exhibition Centre in Moscow, where the district will also hold two Democratic Movement held a procession. price dumping! crackdown of illegal immigrants!
All-Russian Exhibition Centre will also hold another parade, with the slogan: But of communism and capitalism Story! number of one thousand demonstrators.
Sunday, December 19, 2010
(English) India border dispute Vale reflection (b)
Zhou Enlai in January 1959 to answer quickly. In short, his argument is: (1) Sino-Indian boundary has never been officially demarcated. That is, the Chinese Central Government and the Government of India has never been entered into between the relevant Sino-Indian border, any treaties and agreements. (2) territory, and It is with Myanmar in the negotiations as being. Here. already seen the outline of a possible solution: China will allow the legalization of the McMahon Line in the direction. to serve as the border in northeast India, India abandon or revise its outright demands of Aksai Chin. But the road to this solution can only be through negotiation. Zhou said. Beijing is now prepared to negotiate.
noted recently took place in the border patrol some of the friction events. Chou En-lai in the letter suggested that It seems such measures are essential to negotiate minimum conditions. or else. the public on the disputed areas of armed conflict in response to damage or poison the negotiations will be. However. Nehru that such an agreement is reached in China through the a term of the position of the Government of India Jawaharlal Nehru to reflect on and accept the Chinese proposal.)
, however, Zhou Enlai, Nehru suggested straightforward refusal will bring unwelcome consequences. it amounts expressly declared: India insisted that its forces to advance to all the territories it claims; but rather, this is the center of the policy intent of Nehru. If the public say, would expose the same peace-loving India's international image and prestige of a great contradiction challenging. and aroused the Chinese to take immediate defensive measures. so. In his reply of March between Nehru prevaricate, the use of Indian diplomacy since the argument has increasingly become characteristic of sophistry. He wrote:
I agree that both sides should respect those disputes in the recent situation that existed before the occurrence of the two sides should not be trying to take unilateral action to exercise the right to think they belong to it. Furthermore, if there is any land acquired for the most recent case, the situation should be corrected.
so agree with Zhou Enlai, Nehru first glance the proposal, in fact, reject it. His second sentence is contradictory with the first sentence, because it seems to want to restore in India status quo is acceptable, not Zhou Enlai proposed the status quo. This indicates that in the near future India would stubbornly insist that China must first withdraw from the Aksai Chin to the . Just as Nehru in his (September 26, 1959), the letter said: threats and intimidation. negotiations are not productive. . before it can be negotiated. Nehru blocked the settlement of disputes through peaceful negotiations, all the possibilities. Since that time nearly 40 years, no term follow-up of the Indian government to seek mm mm or overcome this obstacle.
truth has been India's refusal to agree to maintain border status quo, but this does not in practice refuse to negotiate the dispute is not publicly made it clear that, because India is consistently advocated in all international disputes without any preconditions for peace talks The well-known. ⑦ So, once again resorted to sophistry. India's refusal to negotiate attitude. actually confusing for the use of semantics into a diplomatic note to the words covered up, giving the impression that the Chinese refused to negotiate. ⑧ Nehru himself took part in the most important diplomatic notes, memos and letters in the drafting. ⑨
space conflicts in the Indian population of Kazan has caused public outrage (quite satisfied with Mu gram) 10, which led to Zhou Enlai held immediately urged Summit. Nehru delayed for several months, then agreed to (1960) Zhou Enlai received in New Delhi in April, while the domestic is not clear that this meeting to . Myanmar signed an agreement with India to solve than to be more ancient and far more complex border issues, including the China-Burma border and to that part of the McMahon Line legalization .11
at the Summit. China to resolve the border issue clear recommendations to mention the first time out: draw a section of a mutually acceptable border, China is prepared to make towards the McMahon Line in the British official of .1899 of a proposal to China will be fully road and stay in the territory of China's territory, India has moved forward significantly the trend, the Indian negotiators could be a good goal. But Nehru's stand is very rigid: no compromise, and refrain from maintaining the status quo agreements, no negotiations. only China's diplomatic concessions and promised from the Aksai Chin India will meet the requirements of the withdrawal.
b American scholar Steven Hoffman on India's border policy with the earlier mentioned the elite nature of the link between nationalism, Jawaharlal Nehru and his advisers revealed Zhou Enlai and China at the reception were a delegation of mind. They believe that China hopes mm
(through a negotiated settlement of border issues) is the attempt to discredit the authenticity of the nation's history in India. In India, it seems, is not a truly national be required to form the boundary of its history of negotiations. such a request and the request can only come from one (like India, as the former British rulers) will be artificially created in India as a nation of neighbors.
so. According to Hoffman's analysis. The more the Chinese side insisted that the negotiations, the Indians feel that this is the more of them as an attack on national identity increasingly angry, so they refused to be more resolute. Hoffman's explanation comes from the Nehru, who was closest advisers as the years of talk, it sounds weird, but it is true.
after the failure of the summit meeting still continued diplomatic exchanges, the two officials on their historical and geographical arguments put forward in detail. But now come to an end the stalemate and 1962 summer .1961 India's . Nehru (the other occasions. that the annexation of Goa India) said his prospects. this confidence seems to reflect the fact that his closest advisers, in particular, Mullick, until finally have time to assure him: India, China will never use force. The increasingly strong warnings Beijing chide and the bluff is. It seems also the performance of a contemporary Indian observers suggest his country's the intensification of the war and will continue to shake the world. he will be seen as India and China have the same strength and determination of the premise of the two big countries, was hit in China, India, the immediate impact of the collapse of all proved to be false.
point of view from the truth, if India does not consider the forward policy, then I believe China will not hit India is well-founded. This action is indeed the most reluctant to take in Beijing, and then as now, mm mm is difficult to see in China hope from the confrontation with India to get any possible strategic and political benefits. to the beginning of the 60s. People are beginning to feel seriously threatened. friendly strategic alliance with the Soviet Union has broken; in the United States occupies under the influence of China's seat at the United Nations to step up Taiwan's KMT remnants in armed attacks on the mainland; the Central Intelligence Agency under a program begun in 1956, 14, continues to train, arm and various rebel groups will be transported to Tibet. in support of that time has been in exile Dalai Lama in India, China, suspected cause of .15 in India, behind the ongoing armed provocations have the same effect (of course with the CIA Mullick chief in New Delhi to keep in close contact) 16 is not surprising . They might ask yourself, what else can explain India's policy? It will not bring material benefit in India, but it will certainly cause for concern continue to disperse at least China's defense forces. so. To remove this threat from India will be the inevitable military response under consideration is located in Beijing, and then start the deployment of preventive power.
to October 1962, the course policy in the western part of the situation became extremely tense. numerous small-scale Indian army outpost in the Chinese territorial claims on the ownership and control established, and all is always in the dominant forces of the PLA by close confrontation. occurred many times of armed conflict, the Chinese people were to the casualties. Beijing on China's military will be forced to retaliate for protests and warnings became angry and clear. at that time. the Indian government to solve the problem for Chinese leaders, eliminating any doubts about its intentions .10 a letter dated 6 note in Beijing appears to be the ; in order to achieve that is, to attack the idea of India. Nehru till then dispose of the differences makes such a declaration for him has become a necessity in politics: since as he put it, China is deliberately invaded the Indian territory. then he ordered the attack outside the government can do in addition? He's intimidation of the political class in India has caused joy chauvinism is making this statement as an ultimatum, or even a declaration of war 17mm, but the West is satisfied that it will have to implement this in a similar Barack Guevara field units under the command has caused fear among commanders.
Jawaharlal Nehru as the cause in the formation of a McMahon line mm or, more precisely against the point is that the Chinese side of the McMahon Line in the form of confrontation. McMahon outlet drawn the map is based on the preliminary investigation, when the administrative staff in India to reach the border area in the fifties when they come to the conclusion that certain sections of McMahon line should be placed a few miles north. Since the Chinese carefully drawn to comply with the McMahon Line, it would be seen as the de facto border, and call it , a time when they can do so, the Indians began the painting in the McMahon McMahon Line to which the lots north of the establishment of several outposts. that they have the right to make such unilateral . Now, after Beijing stop such as Deng Xiaoping said, India claims to have drawn in McMahon's the only piece of the line north of the territory of strategic significance in the most western end of Indian Ridge, where the highest positions at Tuggerah, you can observe its frontier outpost to China .1962 base and traffic in June for the implementation of the Indian troops from the occupation of Muslim gram order of the ridge in the foot of the mountain stream running through their Nan Muka River (Nam Chu) established a post in mm ridge is beyond the reach of its forces .9 logistical supply capacity has made the Chinese people on asking the western part of the response they are to a strong inhibition of military confrontation with India in the new post. the Indian government then announced that the Chinese people to send troops across the the McMahon Line. And Nehru Lu Zegong development vowing to go back to them.
Indian team, even if transferred to lightly armed infantry in that area have to struggle to overcome the difficulties troubling of all weapons mm and supplies have to rely on people moving across the many steep hills, its inability to adapt its height and thin clothing is deadly force; the People's Liberation Army heavy weapons and supplies were transported by truck to Tuggerah is relying on the ridge behind, and then use pack mules over the ridge. To rely on attack on the Chinese people away from the ridge is not possible in the military. Even if the Indians trying to focus on a brigade of infantry mm from the Indian side did the concentration of any size will be Chinese people easily overwhelming in number. One would have to follow the command of its forces launched an attack a hopeless division commander in the memories of his statement on the radio to hear the reaction when Jawaharlal Nehru, said:
the statement seems to be a blow to me. I can not believe anyone, much less a statesman of international reputation. will publish such an irresponsible statement hh military action and its military implications might be made the Chinese people reaction, at least for those of us in front of people is clear. Since Nehru publicly announced his intention to attack. So do not wait for the Chinese people to hit .18
10 月 9, Indian troops began prior to the attack on a strategic ridge preparatory action. foolhardy attack on the Indian has not yet caused serious casualties to the Chinese people before they came back quickly. A few days later another struggling business district down to the riverside to support the Indians there, so their number to about 2,500 people. Indian troops deployed to attack rather than defense. In this way, Beijing has no reason to doubt whether the words of Jawaharlal Nehru, said count position to know the Indian attack on China imminent .19 There is no doubt that such attacks can be defeated, so the attackers suffered heavy losses China suffered minimal casualties. but Beijing must have realized that such a partial victory for China's problems can only get worse . Indians of the failure will increase complained that they were Chinese people as victims and accused it of aggression mm in the West was once believed mm and enable them to become strong enough, we must resolve to fight again. Only a far more against large-scale punitive prevent India can expect to continue to claim their borders by force attempt.
10 月 20 Just before dawn on, the PLA launched a preventive attack. border war began 20. Tuggerah under ridge Indian troops had been defeated before the fighting in about 30 minutes. The ammunition will come to a Qing Jin, China move forward in the East until the occupation of Tawang. in the western part of cleared out. when the army stopped the advance of China, Zhou Enlai, Nehru sent a person to call. He suggested that the cease-fire, and People's Liberation Army to withdraw to positions behind the McMahon Line, as the answer. requires India to move forward and terminate the negotiations resistance of all the disputed area. panic in the. Jawaharlal Nehru's words in such a hysterical urge the U.S. military intervention, Ambassador of India to submit a letter that due to suffer humiliation and tears Yingkuang .21
advocated arrival in China People's Liberation Army The boundary of the advance stopped. Then China announced starting from November 22 unilateral ceasefire. and after one month withdrawal of its armed forces to 20 kilometers after the McMahon Line position.
This is Vajpayee Clinton said the force to achieve their claims. strong force feedback is added to Beijing's head, when it comes, it gets the appropriate measure. China's military counter-attack from a strategic and political reasons that are justified. India's policy does allow Beijing is no other realistic choice. As an Indian commentator put it, playing for sympathy for the cold-blooded political tricks hh fallacy. Vajpayee To President Clinton in his letter that: The Indian government still would like to seek from the figure in the past the benefits of fiction.
Second, the dispute remains unresolved why the Chinese in the border war
The victory is perfect, an absolute failure in India, but through other means as the diplomacy continued, the punitive expedition to China, made only a partial and temporary success. Indian's defeat led to the whole of the headquarters of the Su. Only flattering one or two soldiers to keep their future: 23 Indian back to the command of the professionals, who will lead it forward policy and lead to defeat of the political intervention came to an end. the border was quiet, not in 25 years are challenging in the west Indian spy, or across the McMahon Line. But the government no change in diplomatic practice. Nehru's position is still stiff, but now also does damage to an imaginary and a sense of betrayal, and strengthen a sense of real shame. China is not a decisive use of force to accomplish its two and lasting political objectives in any one: to make India to the negotiating table; to the Indians that the pre-negotiation attempt in this to India's territorial claims by force imposed on China in vain and in the self-destruction.
Zhou Enlai and Nehru dealing with personal experiences, made him feel very angry 24.1963 popular contempt and he was more serious in April, termination communication between the Prime Minister. He accused Nehru adopted political needs, not yet ready to negotiate, the Chinese government is willing to be patient, Since the time when the most explicit exposition of Deng Xiaoping in 1981 when he met a number of Indian commentators made in brevity:
China has never demanded the return of the old colonialists and illegal invasion of the entire territory of India. China proposed that both sides are In the actual control on the basis of the boundary line to make concessions in the eastern section of China, India, in the west, so that the border issue be addressed in the package .25 Nehru had taken the position of their government inaction. makes reversed, or even adjust, is very difficult. In addition to himself and other politicians of the rhetoric, the Parliament of the border during the war had passed a resolution asking the Government and its successors mm mm issued in the territory of .1954 with the official map is so confident that the Indian border as a compromise solution will involve a cession of Indian territory. The Constitution does not give the executive the power to cede territory. Therefore we can say that in a treaty can be implemented, you need to revise the Constitution, but to do so, you can at any envisaged political environment would be extremely difficult. Therefore, even if facing a term of political turmoil, the Government of India for talks with Beijing to resolve the border issue, this effort will continue to encounter roadblocks Nehru.
But successive governments have succeeded carefully and slowly across the steps. toward normalization of relations with Beijing. as a successor to his father, Nehru, Indira close to b Gandhi in 1976 restored to the ambassadorial level diplomatic representation. in 1979 People's Party government in power, the then Foreign Minister AB Vajpayee visited China, during this visit, the two countries re-launched the Government's position on the border of low-level officials to discuss the results immediately in the basic contradictory recommendations on the grounded mm Beijing to New Delhi that the contents of the negotiations is not negotiable. While these meetings are conducted in a bitter quarrel, and to the mid-eighties, relations have steadily improved. Then suddenly in 1987, the border dispute became acute once again to force arbitration, the second round of India's war against China.
as in the early sixties, as the Army Headquarters will be another change with placed in the highest command position. Earlier, General Kaul Nehru's cronies, a low-level public relations officials, because the Prime Minister's preference was promoted to the lofty and the Secretary of the much-needed staff positions, and then bear the People's Liberation Army as requirements from India, please get rid of the territories have the responsibility of the Corps commander. in the eighties, Kb Senda Bhattacharjee served as Army Chief of Staff, he was an ambitious soldier, but as with Kaul. In his curriculum vitae no fighting experience. He developed a plan Ludendorff Indian-style. in hopes of a first enable India to use its military superiority to Pakistan becoming a implemented until the border in Pakistan was one of the biggest military exercise to date, mm brass flat head screw action, as one analyst pointed out. Its purpose is to Kyrgyzstan did not get the opportunity to put into effect their plans, because the Pakistani government calm, not aggressive or so. So he shifted his attention to the Army's gravity to the McMahon Line in the lot for the Chinese.
The situation in the eastern section of the outbreak by another might be called the first armed border conflict is a place named to the north of the terrain that they think that the line painted McMahon too southerly areas (they never found him to paint a line to the north of the lot too). As evidenced since 1959 and in October 1962 answered the way, China does not allow such unilateral adjustment, always stand up to them. However, in 1985, when the spring snow melt, the Indians beat the season started again, the special service bureau (SSB, a boundary established in 1963 reconnaissance and intelligence agencies) sent a contingent. in the Sandlot River (The Sumdarong Chu) on the establishment of an observation post. the place to post on the ridge behind the Chinese in Tuggerah List of military deployment exhaustive; and this new post is not only marked on the map at the Chinese side of the McMahon Line, but also because it was the flashpoint border war which is of special significance and sensitive areas.
1962 年 unilateral People's Liberation Army withdrew proposed conditions require:
marked on the map McMahon Line, Bhutan borders and Tuggerah triangle between the territory of the ridge to be a demilitarized zone, and reserve the India into the area.
However, the Chinese people the establishment of the new post without an immediate response, until the winter came, the detachment of the Special Services Bureau before the withdrawal is not subject to challenge. During the inspection, the location of the withdrawal, the Chinese note Work has already begun to make this into a long of post: they destroyed those structures, and set up their own post, but also opened up a heliport. In July 1986 the return of the Special Services Bureau to re-share positions, they found that Chinese people have firmly guard there. Chinese people expected to disclose those remarks to the press soon, the official spokesman as usual, it said to be unprovoked invasion of Indian territory ; August 8 Indian government officially condemned the Chinese deliberately sent troops across the McMahon Line. Chinese place in the Sandlot River Indian pre-emptive and not let the issue was Senda Bhattacharjee holds its general use of the army must act as a challenge . then a new exercise, Saker Falcon action in a routine exercise, the map on the basis of the board action was quickly organized. which originally had planned at that time about the implementation. Saker Falcon action is to confront with China to the The boundaries shown tremendous offensive force, such as brass flat head screw of the same to Pakistan.
1987 the gradual contraction of India in early Army brass flat head screws, starting from west to east and from south to north to deploy massive forces. As a start, three infantry division, although because they are brass flat head screw in the tense and confused the role of fatigue, or across the McMahon Line in India was transferred to the lot. to April 1987, Indian army troops have been entrenched in a huge ridge in the Tuggerah The following positions, where several of its camps in the border war began had been defeated. Indian River in the Sandlot the threat of the establishment of two strong Chinese outposts pioneer post, the Chinese immediately from the 7 to lO meters deployed their confrontation. Indians far apart in the vanguard of seven posts, all across the McMahon Line were a little forward movement, which immediately aroused the Chinese people's reaction to form a close between the opposing armies Contact confrontation. So, Senda Bhattacharjee gave up fighting.
By this time, the Indian Army after decades of re-arming and military expansion, together with the 1962 to People's Liberation Army forced from their commanding ridge in the Tuggerah on the off position when the ill-equipped army thin clothing different, then despite the strong defensive positions, but because of general incompetence, not to fight will come to a crash. is not only to the Indian operations in such terrain is very prepared . well-equipped, and a number of critical highway near the border areas accessible. and a large number of transport aircraft and combat helicopters to provide supplies and support for ground attacks. In the exercise of the peak, India has deployed 12 additional divisions and several independent brigades against the northeast side of the Chinese people. Indian Air Force fighter-bomber, ground support and were transferred to Assam and North Bengal in the airport: It came from reliable sources that there are 5 squadrons.
Senda Bhattacharjee General calculation is that if the Chinese people as they did 1962 years is luring dry response, the use of light infantry to move quickly to carry out, violent combat against the Indian army positions around, they can be prepared from the advantages of defense base in attacking The Indian army to stop, and the elimination mm surrounded by Senta Bhattacharjee called a play the role of infantry support for Air Force. necessary, be extended to ensure air superiority, the H for the Chinese Air Force Base in Tibet. Senda Bhattacharjee battle plan seems to Vietnam to successfully resist the invasion of China as an example: Not long ago he had led a military delegation of India within the group to visit across the river.
However, the Chinese did not like them as dry years in 1962 to respond. They were greatly reinforced in Tibet. including the Field Army from the Chengdu and Lanzhou, along with fighter-bombers and appropriate on the plateau of action in the combat helicopters. the leadership in Beijing is no doubt that the official circles in New Delhi, the views expressed in mm fair to say that in their time of extreme abnormal mm that India should be pushed to the Tibetan fabric border river 29 Therefore, be careful .5 month, the Beijing official warned India that it adhere to the Chinese; but twice, the reports said. withdrew at the last minute attack that 30. Such action will undoubtedly re-ignite a full-scale border war, may have more serious things; but in the absence of any what the circumstances, Beijing is not by some harsh words stir up revenge.
the Government of India is seen as an excuse against the occupation of undisputed Indian territory Shengduan Another result of the claim covered the Beijing more real statements, as if the war had rushed to the border, as occurred. but considering the potentially explosive confrontation, surprisingly little in the international public attention to this 31. However. Satellite observation that Washington can be seen what happened to the Administration from the beginning about March 1987 the situation will be closely watching the development. It seems Americans in April between the Chinese Military Commission vice chairman, General Yang Shangkun visited the United States raised the matter to him, causing The response is: Although China called for a peaceful solution. If India insists on the border along the aggressive spying. it will have to respond. This gives officials in Washington last October thought of Deng Xiaoping, the then Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger visited Beijing carried out during the fierce criticism of India, According to the India r anxiety caused by the 32.
Americans do not like to see any kind of totally situation. quarreled in India and China in Washington, the highest hopes (and the most far-reaching plan?) are met long past the days of rejoicing . Now such conflicts do not meet U.S. political and strategic interests. It is safe to assume that Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi by b such a notice. from Moscow. Gorbachev is clear that before this, the Soviet Union would like to see between New Delhi and Beijing to restore good relations, do you take to begin to solve the same difficult and obviously difficult to deal with the needs of the Sino-Soviet border dispute the simple but hints about the nature of the mm mm steps.
1987 end of summer against an alarming rate eased. This probably reflects the great rebellious Indian Prime Minister or the Cabinet in response to U.S. warnings on the authority of an outdated done. New Delhi in its statement, the tune lowered; also extended an olive branch and then : Looking for Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi visited Beijing's invitation b.
opposing armies along the McMahon Line between the local commander to arrange the meeting. This led to the disengagement in some areas. However, in the Tuggerah ridge 4 posts eye to eye confrontation remains as before. In the East, the Indian Army troops will remain deployed in forward positions, Senda Bhattacharjee school in 1995, another general comment, said that its forces It was in 1962, since they are on the mountain the first time since humiliation is better than fighting on the Chinese people Beijing passive response to it, which restored the loss of Indian fighting in 1962,
noted recently took place in the border patrol some of the friction events. Chou En-lai in the letter suggested that It seems such measures are essential to negotiate minimum conditions. or else. the public on the disputed areas of armed conflict in response to damage or poison the negotiations will be. However. Nehru that such an agreement is reached in China through the a term of the position of the Government of India Jawaharlal Nehru to reflect on and accept the Chinese proposal.)
, however, Zhou Enlai, Nehru suggested straightforward refusal will bring unwelcome consequences. it amounts expressly declared: India insisted that its forces to advance to all the territories it claims; but rather, this is the center of the policy intent of Nehru. If the public say, would expose the same peace-loving India's international image and prestige of a great contradiction challenging. and aroused the Chinese to take immediate defensive measures. so. In his reply of March between Nehru prevaricate, the use of Indian diplomacy since the argument has increasingly become characteristic of sophistry. He wrote:
I agree that both sides should respect those disputes in the recent situation that existed before the occurrence of the two sides should not be trying to take unilateral action to exercise the right to think they belong to it. Furthermore, if there is any land acquired for the most recent case, the situation should be corrected.
so agree with Zhou Enlai, Nehru first glance the proposal, in fact, reject it. His second sentence is contradictory with the first sentence, because it seems to want to restore in India status quo is acceptable, not Zhou Enlai proposed the status quo. This indicates that in the near future India would stubbornly insist that China must first withdraw from the Aksai Chin to the . Just as Nehru in his (September 26, 1959), the letter said: threats and intimidation. negotiations are not productive. . before it can be negotiated. Nehru blocked the settlement of disputes through peaceful negotiations, all the possibilities. Since that time nearly 40 years, no term follow-up of the Indian government to seek mm mm or overcome this obstacle.
truth has been India's refusal to agree to maintain border status quo, but this does not in practice refuse to negotiate the dispute is not publicly made it clear that, because India is consistently advocated in all international disputes without any preconditions for peace talks The well-known. ⑦ So, once again resorted to sophistry. India's refusal to negotiate attitude. actually confusing for the use of semantics into a diplomatic note to the words covered up, giving the impression that the Chinese refused to negotiate. ⑧ Nehru himself took part in the most important diplomatic notes, memos and letters in the drafting. ⑨
space conflicts in the Indian population of Kazan has caused public outrage (quite satisfied with Mu gram) 10, which led to Zhou Enlai held immediately urged Summit. Nehru delayed for several months, then agreed to (1960) Zhou Enlai received in New Delhi in April, while the domestic is not clear that this meeting to . Myanmar signed an agreement with India to solve than to be more ancient and far more complex border issues, including the China-Burma border and to that part of the McMahon Line legalization .11
at the Summit. China to resolve the border issue clear recommendations to mention the first time out: draw a section of a mutually acceptable border, China is prepared to make towards the McMahon Line in the British official of .1899 of a proposal to China will be fully road and stay in the territory of China's territory, India has moved forward significantly the trend, the Indian negotiators could be a good goal. But Nehru's stand is very rigid: no compromise, and refrain from maintaining the status quo agreements, no negotiations. only China's diplomatic concessions and promised from the Aksai Chin India will meet the requirements of the withdrawal.
b American scholar Steven Hoffman on India's border policy with the earlier mentioned the elite nature of the link between nationalism, Jawaharlal Nehru and his advisers revealed Zhou Enlai and China at the reception were a delegation of mind. They believe that China hopes mm
(through a negotiated settlement of border issues) is the attempt to discredit the authenticity of the nation's history in India. In India, it seems, is not a truly national be required to form the boundary of its history of negotiations. such a request and the request can only come from one (like India, as the former British rulers) will be artificially created in India as a nation of neighbors.
so. According to Hoffman's analysis. The more the Chinese side insisted that the negotiations, the Indians feel that this is the more of them as an attack on national identity increasingly angry, so they refused to be more resolute. Hoffman's explanation comes from the Nehru, who was closest advisers as the years of talk, it sounds weird, but it is true.
after the failure of the summit meeting still continued diplomatic exchanges, the two officials on their historical and geographical arguments put forward in detail. But now come to an end the stalemate and 1962 summer .1961 India's . Nehru (the other occasions. that the annexation of Goa India) said his prospects. this confidence seems to reflect the fact that his closest advisers, in particular, Mullick, until finally have time to assure him: India, China will never use force. The increasingly strong warnings Beijing chide and the bluff is. It seems also the performance of a contemporary Indian observers suggest his country's the intensification of the war and will continue to shake the world. he will be seen as India and China have the same strength and determination of the premise of the two big countries, was hit in China, India, the immediate impact of the collapse of all proved to be false.
point of view from the truth, if India does not consider the forward policy, then I believe China will not hit India is well-founded. This action is indeed the most reluctant to take in Beijing, and then as now, mm mm is difficult to see in China hope from the confrontation with India to get any possible strategic and political benefits. to the beginning of the 60s. People are beginning to feel seriously threatened. friendly strategic alliance with the Soviet Union has broken; in the United States occupies under the influence of China's seat at the United Nations to step up Taiwan's KMT remnants in armed attacks on the mainland; the Central Intelligence Agency under a program begun in 1956, 14, continues to train, arm and various rebel groups will be transported to Tibet. in support of that time has been in exile Dalai Lama in India, China, suspected cause of .15 in India, behind the ongoing armed provocations have the same effect (of course with the CIA Mullick chief in New Delhi to keep in close contact) 16 is not surprising . They might ask yourself, what else can explain India's policy? It will not bring material benefit in India, but it will certainly cause for concern continue to disperse at least China's defense forces. so. To remove this threat from India will be the inevitable military response under consideration is located in Beijing, and then start the deployment of preventive power.
to October 1962, the course policy in the western part of the situation became extremely tense. numerous small-scale Indian army outpost in the Chinese territorial claims on the ownership and control established, and all is always in the dominant forces of the PLA by close confrontation. occurred many times of armed conflict, the Chinese people were to the casualties. Beijing on China's military will be forced to retaliate for protests and warnings became angry and clear. at that time. the Indian government to solve the problem for Chinese leaders, eliminating any doubts about its intentions .10 a letter dated 6 note in Beijing appears to be the ; in order to achieve that is, to attack the idea of India. Nehru till then dispose of the differences makes such a declaration for him has become a necessity in politics: since as he put it, China is deliberately invaded the Indian territory. then he ordered the attack outside the government can do in addition? He's intimidation of the political class in India has caused joy chauvinism is making this statement as an ultimatum, or even a declaration of war 17mm, but the West is satisfied that it will have to implement this in a similar Barack Guevara field units under the command has caused fear among commanders.
Jawaharlal Nehru as the cause in the formation of a McMahon line mm or, more precisely against the point is that the Chinese side of the McMahon Line in the form of confrontation. McMahon outlet drawn the map is based on the preliminary investigation, when the administrative staff in India to reach the border area in the fifties when they come to the conclusion that certain sections of McMahon line should be placed a few miles north. Since the Chinese carefully drawn to comply with the McMahon Line, it would be seen as the de facto border, and call it , a time when they can do so, the Indians began the painting in the McMahon McMahon Line to which the lots north of the establishment of several outposts. that they have the right to make such unilateral . Now, after Beijing stop such as Deng Xiaoping said, India claims to have drawn in McMahon's the only piece of the line north of the territory of strategic significance in the most western end of Indian Ridge, where the highest positions at Tuggerah, you can observe its frontier outpost to China .1962 base and traffic in June for the implementation of the Indian troops from the occupation of Muslim gram order of the ridge in the foot of the mountain stream running through their Nan Muka River (Nam Chu) established a post in mm ridge is beyond the reach of its forces .9 logistical supply capacity has made the Chinese people on asking the western part of the response they are to a strong inhibition of military confrontation with India in the new post. the Indian government then announced that the Chinese people to send troops across the the McMahon Line. And Nehru Lu Zegong development vowing to go back to them.
Indian team, even if transferred to lightly armed infantry in that area have to struggle to overcome the difficulties troubling of all weapons mm and supplies have to rely on people moving across the many steep hills, its inability to adapt its height and thin clothing is deadly force; the People's Liberation Army heavy weapons and supplies were transported by truck to Tuggerah is relying on the ridge behind, and then use pack mules over the ridge. To rely on attack on the Chinese people away from the ridge is not possible in the military. Even if the Indians trying to focus on a brigade of infantry mm from the Indian side did the concentration of any size will be Chinese people easily overwhelming in number. One would have to follow the command of its forces launched an attack a hopeless division commander in the memories of his statement on the radio to hear the reaction when Jawaharlal Nehru, said:
the statement seems to be a blow to me. I can not believe anyone, much less a statesman of international reputation. will publish such an irresponsible statement hh military action and its military implications might be made the Chinese people reaction, at least for those of us in front of people is clear. Since Nehru publicly announced his intention to attack. So do not wait for the Chinese people to hit .18
10 月 9, Indian troops began prior to the attack on a strategic ridge preparatory action. foolhardy attack on the Indian has not yet caused serious casualties to the Chinese people before they came back quickly. A few days later another struggling business district down to the riverside to support the Indians there, so their number to about 2,500 people. Indian troops deployed to attack rather than defense. In this way, Beijing has no reason to doubt whether the words of Jawaharlal Nehru, said count position to know the Indian attack on China imminent .19 There is no doubt that such attacks can be defeated, so the attackers suffered heavy losses China suffered minimal casualties. but Beijing must have realized that such a partial victory for China's problems can only get worse . Indians of the failure will increase complained that they were Chinese people as victims and accused it of aggression mm in the West was once believed mm and enable them to become strong enough, we must resolve to fight again. Only a far more against large-scale punitive prevent India can expect to continue to claim their borders by force attempt.
10 月 20 Just before dawn on, the PLA launched a preventive attack. border war began 20. Tuggerah under ridge Indian troops had been defeated before the fighting in about 30 minutes. The ammunition will come to a Qing Jin, China move forward in the East until the occupation of Tawang. in the western part of cleared out. when the army stopped the advance of China, Zhou Enlai, Nehru sent a person to call. He suggested that the cease-fire, and People's Liberation Army to withdraw to positions behind the McMahon Line, as the answer. requires India to move forward and terminate the negotiations resistance of all the disputed area. panic in the. Jawaharlal Nehru's words in such a hysterical urge the U.S. military intervention, Ambassador of India to submit a letter that due to suffer humiliation and tears Yingkuang .21
advocated arrival in China People's Liberation Army The boundary of the advance stopped. Then China announced starting from November 22 unilateral ceasefire. and after one month withdrawal of its armed forces to 20 kilometers after the McMahon Line position.
This is Vajpayee Clinton said the force to achieve their claims. strong force feedback is added to Beijing's head, when it comes, it gets the appropriate measure. China's military counter-attack from a strategic and political reasons that are justified. India's policy does allow Beijing is no other realistic choice. As an Indian commentator put it, playing for sympathy for the cold-blooded political tricks hh fallacy. Vajpayee To President Clinton in his letter that: The Indian government still would like to seek from the figure in the past the benefits of fiction.
Second, the dispute remains unresolved why the Chinese in the border war
The victory is perfect, an absolute failure in India, but through other means as the diplomacy continued, the punitive expedition to China, made only a partial and temporary success. Indian's defeat led to the whole of the headquarters of the Su. Only flattering one or two soldiers to keep their future: 23 Indian back to the command of the professionals, who will lead it forward policy and lead to defeat of the political intervention came to an end. the border was quiet, not in 25 years are challenging in the west Indian spy, or across the McMahon Line. But the government no change in diplomatic practice. Nehru's position is still stiff, but now also does damage to an imaginary and a sense of betrayal, and strengthen a sense of real shame. China is not a decisive use of force to accomplish its two and lasting political objectives in any one: to make India to the negotiating table; to the Indians that the pre-negotiation attempt in this to India's territorial claims by force imposed on China in vain and in the self-destruction.
Zhou Enlai and Nehru dealing with personal experiences, made him feel very angry 24.1963 popular contempt and he was more serious in April, termination communication between the Prime Minister. He accused Nehru adopted political needs, not yet ready to negotiate, the Chinese government is willing to be patient, Since the time when the most explicit exposition of Deng Xiaoping in 1981 when he met a number of Indian commentators made in brevity:
China has never demanded the return of the old colonialists and illegal invasion of the entire territory of India. China proposed that both sides are In the actual control on the basis of the boundary line to make concessions in the eastern section of China, India, in the west, so that the border issue be addressed in the package .25 Nehru had taken the position of their government inaction. makes reversed, or even adjust, is very difficult. In addition to himself and other politicians of the rhetoric, the Parliament of the border during the war had passed a resolution asking the Government and its successors mm mm issued in the territory of .1954 with the official map is so confident that the Indian border as a compromise solution will involve a cession of Indian territory. The Constitution does not give the executive the power to cede territory. Therefore we can say that in a treaty can be implemented, you need to revise the Constitution, but to do so, you can at any envisaged political environment would be extremely difficult. Therefore, even if facing a term of political turmoil, the Government of India for talks with Beijing to resolve the border issue, this effort will continue to encounter roadblocks Nehru.
But successive governments have succeeded carefully and slowly across the steps. toward normalization of relations with Beijing. as a successor to his father, Nehru, Indira close to b Gandhi in 1976 restored to the ambassadorial level diplomatic representation. in 1979 People's Party government in power, the then Foreign Minister AB Vajpayee visited China, during this visit, the two countries re-launched the Government's position on the border of low-level officials to discuss the results immediately in the basic contradictory recommendations on the grounded mm Beijing to New Delhi that the contents of the negotiations is not negotiable. While these meetings are conducted in a bitter quarrel, and to the mid-eighties, relations have steadily improved. Then suddenly in 1987, the border dispute became acute once again to force arbitration, the second round of India's war against China.
as in the early sixties, as the Army Headquarters will be another change with placed in the highest command position. Earlier, General Kaul Nehru's cronies, a low-level public relations officials, because the Prime Minister's preference was promoted to the lofty and the Secretary of the much-needed staff positions, and then bear the People's Liberation Army as requirements from India, please get rid of the territories have the responsibility of the Corps commander. in the eighties, Kb Senda Bhattacharjee served as Army Chief of Staff, he was an ambitious soldier, but as with Kaul. In his curriculum vitae no fighting experience. He developed a plan Ludendorff Indian-style. in hopes of a first enable India to use its military superiority to Pakistan becoming a implemented until the border in Pakistan was one of the biggest military exercise to date, mm brass flat head screw action, as one analyst pointed out. Its purpose is to Kyrgyzstan did not get the opportunity to put into effect their plans, because the Pakistani government calm, not aggressive or so. So he shifted his attention to the Army's gravity to the McMahon Line in the lot for the Chinese.
The situation in the eastern section of the outbreak by another might be called the first armed border conflict is a place named to the north of the terrain that they think that the line painted McMahon too southerly areas (they never found him to paint a line to the north of the lot too). As evidenced since 1959 and in October 1962 answered the way, China does not allow such unilateral adjustment, always stand up to them. However, in 1985, when the spring snow melt, the Indians beat the season started again, the special service bureau (SSB, a boundary established in 1963 reconnaissance and intelligence agencies) sent a contingent. in the Sandlot River (The Sumdarong Chu) on the establishment of an observation post. the place to post on the ridge behind the Chinese in Tuggerah List of military deployment exhaustive; and this new post is not only marked on the map at the Chinese side of the McMahon Line, but also because it was the flashpoint border war which is of special significance and sensitive areas.
1962 年 unilateral People's Liberation Army withdrew proposed conditions require:
marked on the map McMahon Line, Bhutan borders and Tuggerah triangle between the territory of the ridge to be a demilitarized zone, and reserve the India into the area.
However, the Chinese people the establishment of the new post without an immediate response, until the winter came, the detachment of the Special Services Bureau before the withdrawal is not subject to challenge. During the inspection, the location of the withdrawal, the Chinese note Work has already begun to make this into a long of post: they destroyed those structures, and set up their own post, but also opened up a heliport. In July 1986 the return of the Special Services Bureau to re-share positions, they found that Chinese people have firmly guard there. Chinese people expected to disclose those remarks to the press soon, the official spokesman as usual, it said to be unprovoked invasion of Indian territory ; August 8 Indian government officially condemned the Chinese deliberately sent troops across the McMahon Line. Chinese place in the Sandlot River Indian pre-emptive and not let the issue was Senda Bhattacharjee holds its general use of the army must act as a challenge . then a new exercise, Saker Falcon action in a routine exercise, the map on the basis of the board action was quickly organized. which originally had planned at that time about the implementation. Saker Falcon action is to confront with China to the The boundaries shown tremendous offensive force, such as brass flat head screw of the same to Pakistan.
1987 the gradual contraction of India in early Army brass flat head screws, starting from west to east and from south to north to deploy massive forces. As a start, three infantry division, although because they are brass flat head screw in the tense and confused the role of fatigue, or across the McMahon Line in India was transferred to the lot. to April 1987, Indian army troops have been entrenched in a huge ridge in the Tuggerah The following positions, where several of its camps in the border war began had been defeated. Indian River in the Sandlot the threat of the establishment of two strong Chinese outposts pioneer post, the Chinese immediately from the 7 to lO meters deployed their confrontation. Indians far apart in the vanguard of seven posts, all across the McMahon Line were a little forward movement, which immediately aroused the Chinese people's reaction to form a close between the opposing armies Contact confrontation. So, Senda Bhattacharjee gave up fighting.
By this time, the Indian Army after decades of re-arming and military expansion, together with the 1962 to People's Liberation Army forced from their commanding ridge in the Tuggerah on the off position when the ill-equipped army thin clothing different, then despite the strong defensive positions, but because of general incompetence, not to fight will come to a crash. is not only to the Indian operations in such terrain is very prepared . well-equipped, and a number of critical highway near the border areas accessible. and a large number of transport aircraft and combat helicopters to provide supplies and support for ground attacks. In the exercise of the peak, India has deployed 12 additional divisions and several independent brigades against the northeast side of the Chinese people. Indian Air Force fighter-bomber, ground support and were transferred to Assam and North Bengal in the airport: It came from reliable sources that there are 5 squadrons.
Senda Bhattacharjee General calculation is that if the Chinese people as they did 1962 years is luring dry response, the use of light infantry to move quickly to carry out, violent combat against the Indian army positions around, they can be prepared from the advantages of defense base in attacking The Indian army to stop, and the elimination mm surrounded by Senta Bhattacharjee called a play the role of infantry support for Air Force. necessary, be extended to ensure air superiority, the H for the Chinese Air Force Base in Tibet. Senda Bhattacharjee battle plan seems to Vietnam to successfully resist the invasion of China as an example: Not long ago he had led a military delegation of India within the group to visit across the river.
However, the Chinese did not like them as dry years in 1962 to respond. They were greatly reinforced in Tibet. including the Field Army from the Chengdu and Lanzhou, along with fighter-bombers and appropriate on the plateau of action in the combat helicopters. the leadership in Beijing is no doubt that the official circles in New Delhi, the views expressed in mm fair to say that in their time of extreme abnormal mm that India should be pushed to the Tibetan fabric border river 29 Therefore, be careful .5 month, the Beijing official warned India that it adhere to the Chinese; but twice, the reports said. withdrew at the last minute attack that 30. Such action will undoubtedly re-ignite a full-scale border war, may have more serious things; but in the absence of any what the circumstances, Beijing is not by some harsh words stir up revenge.
the Government of India is seen as an excuse against the occupation of undisputed Indian territory Shengduan Another result of the claim covered the Beijing more real statements, as if the war had rushed to the border, as occurred. but considering the potentially explosive confrontation, surprisingly little in the international public attention to this 31. However. Satellite observation that Washington can be seen what happened to the Administration from the beginning about March 1987 the situation will be closely watching the development. It seems Americans in April between the Chinese Military Commission vice chairman, General Yang Shangkun visited the United States raised the matter to him, causing The response is: Although China called for a peaceful solution. If India insists on the border along the aggressive spying. it will have to respond. This gives officials in Washington last October thought of Deng Xiaoping, the then Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger visited Beijing carried out during the fierce criticism of India, According to the India r anxiety caused by the 32.
Americans do not like to see any kind of totally situation. quarreled in India and China in Washington, the highest hopes (and the most far-reaching plan?) are met long past the days of rejoicing . Now such conflicts do not meet U.S. political and strategic interests. It is safe to assume that Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi by b such a notice. from Moscow. Gorbachev is clear that before this, the Soviet Union would like to see between New Delhi and Beijing to restore good relations, do you take to begin to solve the same difficult and obviously difficult to deal with the needs of the Sino-Soviet border dispute the simple but hints about the nature of the mm mm steps.
1987 end of summer against an alarming rate eased. This probably reflects the great rebellious Indian Prime Minister or the Cabinet in response to U.S. warnings on the authority of an outdated done. New Delhi in its statement, the tune lowered; also extended an olive branch and then : Looking for Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi visited Beijing's invitation b.
opposing armies along the McMahon Line between the local commander to arrange the meeting. This led to the disengagement in some areas. However, in the Tuggerah ridge 4 posts eye to eye confrontation remains as before. In the East, the Indian Army troops will remain deployed in forward positions, Senda Bhattacharjee school in 1995, another general comment, said that its forces It was in 1962, since they are on the mountain the first time since humiliation is better than fighting on the Chinese people Beijing passive response to it, which restored the loss of Indian fighting in 1962,
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